Atmospheric nitrogen fluxes at the Belgian coast: 2004–2006 |
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| Authors: | László Bencs Agnieszka Krata Benjamin Horemans Anna J Buczyńska Alin C Dirtu Ana FL Godoi Ricardo HM Godoi Sanja Potgieter-Vermaak René Van Grieken |
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| Institution: | 1. Micro and Trace Analysis Centre, Department of Chemistry, University of Antwerp, Universiteitsplein 1, B-2610 Antwerp, Belgium;2. Research Institute for Solid State Physics and Optics, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, P.O. Box 49, H-1525 Budapest, Hungary;3. Department of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, University “Al.I. Cuza” of Iassy, 700506, Romania;4. Department of Environmental Engineering, Federal University of Parana States, Curitiba, Paraná, Brazil;5. Molecular Science Institute, School of Chemistry, University of the Witwatersrand, 2050 Johannesburg, South Africa;1. Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Minia University, Minia, Egypt;2. Department of Urology, Faculty of Medicine, Minia University, Minia, Egypt;1. Bengal Engineering and Science University, Shibpur, P.O. Botanic Garden, Howrah 711 103, India;2. Department of Electronics Communication Engineering, College of Engineering and Management, Kolaghat, P.O. KTPP Township, Midnapur (East) 721 171, India;3. Laboratoire des Signaux et Systemes, CNRS, Universite Paris-Sud, Supélec – 3, rue Joliot-Curie 91192, France;1. School of Energy Science and Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, 211800, China;2. School of Energy and Environment, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210096, China;1. Instituto de Química, Universidade Federal da Bahia, Rua Barão de Geremoabo Ferreira, 147, 40170-150 Salvador, Bahia, Brazil;2. Universidade Federal de Juiz de Fora, Faculdade de Farmácia e Bioquímica, Rua José Lourenço Kelmer, s/n, 36036-900 Juiz de Fora, Minas Gerais, Brazil;3. REQUIMTE, Departamento de Ciências Químicas, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade do Porto, Rua Jorge Viterbo Ferreira, 228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal;4. REQUIMTE, Departamento de Química e Bioquímica, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade do Porto, Rua do Campo Alegre, 4169-007 Porto, Portugal;5. Departamento de Ciências Exatas e da Terra, Universidade do Estado da Bahia, R. Silveira Martins, 2555, Cabula, 41195-001 Salvador, Bahia, Brazil |
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| Abstract: | Daily and seasonal variations in dry and wet atmospheric nitrogen fluxes have been studied during four campaigns between 2004 and 2006 at a coastal site of the Southern North Sea at De Haan (Belgium) located at coordinates of 51.1723° N and 3.0369° E. Concentrations of inorganic N-compounds were determined in the gaseous phase, size-segregated aerosol (coarse, medium, and fine), and rainwater samples. Dissolved organic nitrogen (DON) was quantified in rainwater. The daily variations in N-fluxes of compounds were evaluated with air-mass backward trajectories, classified into the main air-masses arriving at the sampling site (i.e., continental, North Sea, and Atlantic/UK/Channel).The three, non-episodic campaigns showed broadly consistent fluxes, but during the late summer campaign exceptionally high episodic N-deposition was observed. The average dry and wet fluxes for non-episodic campaigns amounted to 2.6 and 4.0 mg N m?2 d?1, respectively, whereas during the episodic late summer period these fluxes were as high as 5.2 and 6.2 mg N m?2 d?1, respectively.Non-episodic seasons/campaigns experienced average aerosol fluxes of 0.9–1.4 mg N m?2 d?1. Generally, the contribution of aerosol NH4+ was more significant in the medium and fine particulate fractions than that of aerosol NO3?, whereas the latter contributed more in the coarse fraction, especially in continental air-masses. During the dry mid-summer campaign, the DON contributed considerably (～15%) to the total N-budget.Exceptionally high episodic aerosol-N inputs have been observed for the late summer campaign, with especially high deposition rates of 3.6 and 2.9 mg N m?2 d?1 for Atlantic/UK/Channel and North Sea-continental (mixed) air-masses, respectively. During this pollution episode, the flux of NH4+ was dominating in each aerosol fraction/air-mass, except for coarse continental aerosols. High deposition of gaseous-N was also observed in this campaign with an average total N-flux of 2–2.5-times higher than in other campaigns. |
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