Characterisation of particulate matter and gaseous emissions from a large ship diesel engine |
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| Authors: | Jana Moldanová Erik Fridell Olga Popovicheva Benjamin Demirdjian Victoria Tishkova Alessandro Faccinetto Cristian Focsa |
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| Affiliation: | 1. IVL Swedish Environmental Research Institute, PO Box 5302, SE 400 14 Göteborg, Sweden;2. SINP, Moscow State University, 119991 Moscow, Russia;3. CINaM, UPR CNRS 3118, Campus de Luminy, Marseille, France;4. Laboratoire de Physique des Lasers, Atomes et Molécules (UMR 8523), Université de Lille 1, 59655 Villeneuve d''Ascq, France;1. Department of Shipping and Marine Technology, Chalmers University of Technology, 412 96 Gothenburg, Sweden;2. IVL Swedish Environmental Research Institute, PO Box 5302, 400 14 Gothenburg, Sweden;1. National Lab of Auto Performance and Emission Test, School of Mechanical and Vehicular Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China;2. Vehicle Emission Control Center, Ministry of Environmental Protection, Beijing 100012, China;3. Beijing Automotive Research Institute Co., Ltd., Beijing 100079, China;1. Center for Urban Transport Emission Research, State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Urban Ambient Air Particulate Matter Pollution Prevention and Control, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China;2. Tianjin Research Institute for Water Transport Engineering, M.O.T., Tianjin, 300457, China;1. State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Urban Ambient Air Particulate Matter Pollution Prevention and Control, Urban Transport Emission Control Research Centre, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China;2. Yantai Environmental Monitoring Centre, Yantai, 264003, China;3. China National Environmental Monitoring Center, Beijing, 100012, China |
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| Abstract: | ![]()
Composition of exhaust from a ship diesel engine using heavy fuel oil (HFO) was investigated onboard a large cargo vessel. The emitted particulate matter (PM) properties related to environmental and health impacts were investigated along with composition of the gas-phase emissions. Mass, size distribution, chemical composition and microphysical structure of the PM were investigated. The emission factor for PM was 5.3 g (kg fuel)?1. The mass size distribution showed a bimodal shape with two maxima: one in the accumulation mode with mean particle diameter DP around 0.5 μm and one in the coarse mode at DP around 7 μm. The PM composition was dominated by organic carbon (OC), ash and sulphate while the elemental carbon (EC) composed only a few percent of the total PM. Increase of the PM in exhaust upon cooling was associated with increase of OC and sulphate. Laser analysis of the adsorbed phase in the cooled exhaust showed presence of a rich mixture of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) species with molecular mass 178–300 amu while PM collected in the hot exhaust showed only four PAH masses.Microstructure and elemental analysis of ship combustion residuals indicate three distinct morphological structures with different chemical composition: soot aggregates, significantly metal polluted; char particles, clean or containing minerals; mineral and/or ash particles. Additionally, organic carbon particles of unburned fuel or/and lubricating oil origin were observed. Hazardous constituents from the combustion of heavy fuel oil such as transitional and alkali earth metals (V, Ni, Ca, Fe) were observed in the PM samples.Measurements of gaseous composition in the exhaust of this particular ship showed emission factors that are on the low side of the interval of global emission factors published in literature for NOx, hydrocarbons (HC) and CO. |
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