Dry and wet deposition of water-insoluble dust and water-soluble chemical species during spring 2007 in Tsukuba,Japan |
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| Authors: | Yayoi Inomata Yasuhito Igarashi Masaru Chiba Yoshihiro Shinoda Hiroshi Takahashi |
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| Institution: | 1. Meme Media Laboratory, Hokkaido University, Japan;2. Yukawa Institute for Theoretical Physics, Kyoto University, Japan;1. Department of Life Science and Graduate School of Life Science, Rikkyo (St. Paul’s ) University, Toshima-ku, Tokyo 171-8501, Japan;2. Application Laboratory, Rigaku Corporation, 3-9-12 Matsubara-cho, Akishima-shi, Tokyo 196-8666, Japan;3. Research Reactor Institute, Kyoto University, Kumatori, Osaka 590-0494, Japan;1. Graduate School of Energy Science, Kyoto University, Yoshida Honmachi, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan;2. Research Institute for Sustainable Humanosphere (RISH), Kyoto University, Gokasho, Uji, Kyoto 611-0011, Japan;3. Institute of Advanced Energy (IAE), Kyoto University, Japan;1. Department of Physics, Graduate School of Science, Kyoto University, Kitashirakawa Oiwake-cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8502, Japan;2. The Hakubi Center for Advanced Research, Kyoto University, Yoshida-Ushinomiya-cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8302, Japan;3. Department of Earth and Space Science, Graduate School of Science, Osaka University, 1-1 Machikaneyama-cho, Toyonaka, Osaka 560-0043, Japan;4. Institute of Space and Astronautical Science, Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency, 3-1-1 Yoshinodai, Chuo-ku, Sagamihara, Kanagawa 252-5210, Japan;5. ISS Project Science Office, Institute of Space and Astronautical Science, Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency, 2-1 Sengen, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8505, Japan;6. Department of Applied Physics, University of Miyazaki, 1-1 Gakuen Kibana-dai Nishi, Miyazaki 889-2192, Japan;7. Physics Department, Kogakuin University, 2665-1, Nakano-cho, Hachioji, Tokyo 192-0015, Japan;8. The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan;9. Department of Information Science, Faculty of Liberal Arts, Tohoku Gakuin University, 2-1-1 Tenjinzawa, Izumi-ku, Sendai, Miyagi 981-3193, Japan |
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| Abstract: | Dry and wet depositions were sampled daily in Tsukuba, Japan, in spring 2007. Temporal variations in the dry and wet deposition fluxes of dust and water-soluble chemical species were controlled largely by air mass origin, the water vapor mixing ratio, and Asian dust events. The contribution of local sources to dry deposition of dust was large when the wind speed was high. Dry deposition fluxes of water-soluble chemical species were larger in humid air masses than in dry air masses. Wet deposition fluxes of dust and water-soluble chemical species indicated that air masses that passed over dust source regions and industrial regions became mixed with the maritime air masses over the coastal site of the Asian continent and western part of the Japanese islands. The total deposition of dust was 4220 mg m?2 month?1, and that of water-soluble chemical species ranged from 10 to 636 mg m?2 month?1. Wet deposition fluxes of the total deposition flux of dust accounted for 72% and those of water-soluble chemical species was for 72–96%. In particular, the largest wet deposition occurred during a single Asian dust event on 3 April. This event accounted for 23% (950 mg m?2 month?1) of the monthly dust deposition flux and for 2–28% (0.43–51 mg m?2 month?1) of the monthly deposition flux of water-soluble chemical species. This result implies that the wet deposition flux associated with even one sporadic Asian dust event can have extensive impacts on both terrestrial and oceanic ecosystems in East Asia. |
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