The effect of a woodstove changeout on ambient levels of PM2.5 and chemical tracers for woodsmoke in Libby,Montana |
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| Authors: | Megan A Bergauff Tony J Ward Curtis W Noonan Christopher P Palmer |
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| Institution: | 1. Department of Chemistry, The University of Montana, 32 Campus Dr., Missoula, MT 59812, USA;2. Center for Environmental Health Sciences, Department of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, The University of Montana, 32 Campus Dr., Missoula, MT 59812, USA;1. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Air Quality Planning and Standards, 109 TW Alexander Dr., Research Triangle Park, NC 27711, United States;2. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Research and Development, 109 TW Alexander Dr., Research Triangle Park, NC 27711, United States;3. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Region 8, 1595 Wynkoop Street, Denver, CO 80202, United States;1. Yale-NUIST Center on Atmospheric Environment, Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology, Nanjing 10044, China;2. Key Laboratory of Meteorological Disaster Ministry of Education (KLME) & Joint International Research Laboratory of Climate and Environment Change (ILCEC) & Collaborative Innovation Center on Forecast and Evaluation of Meteorological Disasters (CIC-FEMD), Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology, Nanjing 210044, China;3. Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 4888 Shengbei Road, Changchun 130102, China;4. Chubu Institute for Advanced Studies, Chubu University, Kasugai, 487-8501, Japan;5. School of Forestry and Environmental Studies, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA;6. State Key Laboratory of Organic Geochemistry, Guangzhou Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510640, China;1. Facultad de Ciencias Forestales y Recursos Naturales, Universidad Austral de Chile, Box 567, Valdivia, Chile;2. Centro Transdisciplinario de Estudios Ambientales y Desarrollo Humano Sostenible, Universidad Austral de Chile, Valdivia, Chile;3. INIBIOMA, CCT-Comahue, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Argentina |
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| Abstract: | Residential woodstoves are the single largest source of PM2.5 in Libby, MT, resulting in the community being designated as a nonattainment area for PM2.5. Beginning in 2005, a community-wide woodstove changeout program was implemented that replaced nearly 1200 old stoves with EPA-certified units. In an effort to track the reduction of woodsmoke particles throughout the program, ambient PM2.5 samples were collected before, during, and after the changeout. These samples were analyzed for seven selected woodsmoke tracers, including vanillin, acetovanillone, guaiacol, 4-ethylguaiacol (methoxyphenols), levoglucosan (sugar anhydride), abietic acid, and dehydroabietic acid (resin acids). Results of the changeout showed that PM2.5 levels decreased by 20% during the changeout period, while levels of the seven chosen tracer compounds gave variable responses. Levoglucosan levels decreased by 50% while both resin acids increased after the changeout, suggesting a change in the chemistry of the particles. No trend was observed in the levels of methoxyphenols as a group over the changeout period. The results suggest that the concentrations of woodsmoke related PM2.5 in the Libby airshed have decreased; however, the chemistry of the emitted particles also changed when old woodstoves were replaced with new EPA-certified stoves. |
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