Optimal temporal scale for the correlation of AOD and ground measurements of PM2.5 in a real-time air quality estimation system |
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| Authors: | Hui Li Fazlay Faruque Worth Williams Mohammad Al-Hamdan Jeffrey Luvall William Crosson Douglas Rickman Ashutosh Limaye |
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| Institution: | 1. University of Mississippi Medical Center, 2500 North State Street, Jackson, MS 39216-4505, USA;2. Universities Space Research Association, NASA Marshall Space Flight Center, Huntsville, AL 35805, USA;3. Earth Science Office, NASA Marshall Space Flight Center, Huntsville, AL 35805, USA;1. Department of Physics, College of Science, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha 410073, Hunan, PR China;2. State Key Laboratory of High Performance Computing, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha 410073, Hunan, PR China;1. Key Laboratory for Geo-Environment Monitoring of Coastal Zone of the National Administration of Surveying, Mapping and GeoInformation & Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Spatial Smart Sensing and Services & College of Life Sciences, Shenzhen University, 518060 Shenzhen, China;2. School of Resource and Environmental Science & Key Laboratory of Geographic Information System of the Ministry of Education, Wuhan University, 430079 Wuhan, China;1. State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, Department of Biostatistics, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Research, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China;2. State Key Laboratory of Information Engineering in Surveying, Mapping and Remote Sensing, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430079, China;3. Institute for Environmental and Climate Research, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 511443, China;4. Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Melbourne, VIC, 3004, Australia;1. Department of Environmental Health, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA;2. Department of Geography and Human Environment, Tel-Aviv University, Israel;3. Department of Geography and Environmental Development, Ben-Gurion University, Israel;4. GEST/UMBC, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Baltimore, MD, USA;5. University of Maryland Baltimore County, Baltimore, MD, USA |
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| Abstract: | Aerosol optical depth (AOD), an indirect estimate of particulate matter using satellite observations, has shown great promise in improving estimates of PM2.5 (particulate matter with aerodynamic diameter less than or equal to 2.5 μm) surface. Currently, few studies have been conducted to explore the optimal way to apply AOD data to improve the model accuracy of PM2.5 in a real-time air quality system. We believe that two major aspects may be worthy of consideration in that area: 1) an approach that integrates satellite measurements with ground measurements in the estimates of pollutants and 2) identification of an optimal temporal scale to calculate the correlation of AOD and ground measurements. This paper is focused on the second aspect, identifying the optimal temporal scale to correlate AOD with PM2.5. Five following different temporal scales were chosen to evaluate their impact on the model performance: 1) within the last 3 days, 2) within the last 10 days, 3) within the last 30 days, 4) within the last 90 days, and 5) the time period with the highest correlation in a year. The model performance is evaluated for its accuracy, bias, and errors based on the following selected statistics: the Mean Bias, the Normalized Mean Bias, the Root Mean Square Error, Normalized Mean Error, and the Index of Agreement. This research shows that the model with the temporal scale: within the last 30 days, displays the best model performance in a southern multi-state area centered in Mississippi using 2004 and 2005 data sets. |
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