| 四川盆地紫色丘陵区不同种植模式下氮流失特征 |
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| 引用本文： | 罗艺,吴福忠,杨万勤,王旭熙.四川盆地紫色丘陵区不同种植模式下氮流失特征[J].环境科学学报,2010,30(11):2221-2228. |
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| 作者姓名： | 罗艺 吴福忠 杨万勤 王旭熙 |
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| 作者单位： | 四川农业大学林业生态工程重点实验室,雅安,625014 |
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| 基金项目： | 四川省重点公益性项目(No.2007NGY006)； 国家“十一五”重大科技支撑计划课题(No. 2008BADC2B01, 2006BAC01A11)；四川省杰出青年学科带头人培养基金(No.07ZQ026-022)；四川高等学校科技创新重大培育计划（No.2007ZZ024, 09ZZ023） |
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| 摘 要： | 氮素流失是农业面源污染的重要来源.为了解四川盆地紫色丘陵区不同种植模式下氮的流失特征,以四川盆地紫色丘陵区4种典型耕作模式紫云英-水稻(M1)、空地-大豆-空地(M2)、空地-生姜(M3)、空地-玉米+红薯(M4)等为研究对象,研究了4种模式从2008年12月到2009年8月共8次有效降雨中氮通过地表径流和渗透水的流失特征.研究期间,4种模式下氮流失量随着降雨量的增加而增加,总氮流失量表现为:M3((30.388±2.86)kg·hm-2)M4((17.118±1.677)kg·hm-2)M2((10.987±1.108)kg·hm-2)M1((6.090±1.051)kg·hm-2).相对于其它模式,M4模式下地表径流量和渗透水量在研究期间均最大,但M3模式下氮通过地表径流和渗透水的流失量最大.另外,非生长季节4个模式下氮流失量相对较低且各模式间差别较小,生长季节4个模式间可溶性氮和总氮通过地表径流和渗透水流失量均表现为M3M4M2M1.4种种植模式下氮通过地表径流和渗透水的流失形态均以硝态氮为主.渗透水中铵态氮和可溶性总氮占总氮的比例高于地表径流.这些结果为该区区域合理选择耕作模式、优化耕作方式、加强管理以控制区域农业面源污染提供了一定的基础数据.
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| 关 键 词： | 种植模式 紫色土 氮素流失 面源污染 |
| 收稿时间： | 2/6/2010 1:59:34 PM |
| 修稿时间： | 4/23/2010 1:45:08 PM |
N losses from different cropping modes in the purple hilly region of the Sichuan Basin |
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| LUO Yi,WU Fuzhong,YANG Wanqin and WANG Xuxi.N losses from different cropping modes in the purple hilly region of the Sichuan Basin[J].Acta Scientiae Circumstantiae,2010,30(11):2221-2228. |
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| Authors: | LUO Yi WU Fuzhong YANG Wanqin and WANG Xuxi |
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| Institution: | Provincial Key Laboratory of Ecological Forestry Engineering, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya'an 625014,Provincial Key Laboratory of Ecological Forestry Engineering, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya'an 625014,Provincial Key Laboratory of Ecological Forestry Engineering, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya'an 625014 and Provincial Key Laboratory of Ecological Forestry Engineering, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya'an 625014 |
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| Abstract: | N loss in agriculture is an important source of non-point pollution. To characterize N losses from different cropping modes in the purple hilly region of the Sichuan Basin, N loss in runoff and infiltration of 8 available rainfall events from December 2008 to August 2009 were studied in 4 representative cropping modes: M1 (Chinese milk vetch-rice), M2 (fallow land-Soybean-fallow land), M3 (fallow land-Ginger) and M4 (Corn-Sweet potato). N losses increased with the increase of rainfall events. The ranked order of N loss was: M3 ((30.388±2.86)kg·hm-2) > M4 ((17.118±1.677)kg·hm-2) > M2 ((10.987±1.108)kg·hm-2) > M1 ((6.090±1.051)kg·hm-2) during the studied period. M4 had the highest amount of runoff and infiltration, while M3 showed the highest N losses from both runoff and infiltration. In addition, N losses were relatively lower in the non-cropping period, and only a few variations were observed among cropping modes. However, the losses of dissolved N and total N from both runoff and infiltration showed the same order as: M3 > M4 > M2 > M1. Nitrate N was the main N form in N losses from both runoff and infiltration regardless of the cropping modes. The proportion of ammonium N and dissolved N to total N loss from infiltration was higher than that in runoff. The results provide data for selection of cropping mode, optimization of cropping habitat, and regional control of non-point pollution from agriculture. |
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| Keywords: | cropping mode purple soil N losses non-point pollution |
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