基于非现场监管的海洋倾废监督管理系统

随着我国海洋经济的快速发展，非法向海洋倾倒废弃物的行为日益频繁且愈发严重。海洋倾废活动监管作为“十四五”时期的海洋重点专项项目之一，亟需推进“互联网+”非现场监管的新模式。为了做好海洋倾废非现场监管工作，全国海洋倾废监督管理系统（以下简称系统）的设计与实现便极具必要性。系统采用多层架构体系，具有较强的延展性。功能模块包括许可证审批、监督管理、需求侧管理、船舶作业信息管理、统计分析、基础信息等。系统主要从海洋倾废主体和海洋倾倒区域两方面着手，一方面以信息化手段对疏浚物、渔业加工废料等废弃物的倾倒许可证进行审批把控；另一方面基于船舶轨迹对海洋倾废船舶进行自动判别，有效掌握海洋倾废情况，及时追踪违规作业行为，实现非现场监管的目标。

Design and implementation of national marine dumping supervision and management system

With the rapid development of China's marine economy, the illegal dumping of wastes into the sea has become increasingly frequent and serious. As one of the key marine special projects during the 14th Five Year Plan period, the supervision of marine dumping activities urgently needs to promote the new mode of "Internet +" off-site supervision. In order to do a good job in the off-site supervision of marine dumping, it is very necessary to design and implement the national marine dumping supervision and management system (hereinafter referred to as the system). The system adopts multi-layer architecture and has strong scalability. The functional modules include license approval, dumping area planning, supervision and management, statistical analysis, demand side management, basic information, etc. The system mainly starts from two aspects: the main body of marine dumping and the marine dumping area. On the one hand, it uses information means to approve and control the dumping license of dredged materials, fishery processing wastes and other wastes in the whole sea area; On the other hand, it can automatically identify the dumping ships at sea based on the ship trajectory, effectively master the dumping at sea, timely track the illegal operations, and achieve the goal of off-site supervision.