地铁车站疏散瓶颈疏散优化共性方案仿真研究*

为解决地铁车站高峰期乘客疏散的瓶颈问题，对比高成本的单一模型实验，提出1套基于Anylogic软件针对车站乘客疏散瓶颈的可重复仿真优化方案。通过实地调查，对比一般地铁车站由站厅层和站台层组成的结构特性；分析2层之间乘客通过楼梯、扶梯等进行疏散的车站共性，创建针对行人流动态疏散过程的通用仿真模型；统计模拟疏散过程中影响疏散效率的参数，给出针对共性模型的优化方案。研究结果表明:疏散总时长较优化前减少35 s，模拟成功疏散人数增加164人。研究结果能够优化车站的紧急疏散瓶颈现象从而改善车站的安全性和舒适性，所提出的优化方案可为解决车站乘客疏散问题提供研究思路。

Simulation study on common scheme of evacuation bottleneck optimization in subway station

In order to solve the bottleneck problem of passenger evacuation in the peak period of subway station,a set of repeatable simulation optimization scheme based on Anylogic software for the evacuation bottleneck of station passengers was proposed by comparing the high-cost single model experiment.Through the on-site investigation,the structural characteristics of general subway station composed of hall floor and platform floor were compared,and the commonness of passengers evacuating through the stairs and escalators between two floors was analyzed to create a general simulation model for the dynamic evacuation process of pedestrian flow.The parameters affecting the evacuation efficiency in the evacuation process were statistically simulated,and the optimization scheme for the common model was given.The results showed that the total evacuation time was reduced by 35 s compared with that before optimization,and the number of successful evacuation personnel was increased by 164.The research can optimize the evacuation bottleneck phenomenon of the station,and thus improve the safety and comfort of the station.The proposed optimization scheme provides research ideas for solving the passengers evacuation problem of the stations.