上海水资源可持续利用与管理对策

上海地处长江三角洲平原河网地区，水资源总量较为丰富，但伴随着区域社会经济快速发展，水体水质污染普遍，水资源的可利用性不高，水质型缺水现象日益严重。分析了上海地区水资源的组成和总量状况，进一步论述了目前上海水资源利用面临水质污染严重、供需矛盾突出和利用效率低下等问题，在此基础上提出了通过强化地表水环境综合整治，提高城市水资源利用效率，构建两江并举的水源格局，完善水资源经济调控手段，加强全民水资源保护意识等对策措施实现上海水资源可持续利用与管理。

SUSTAINABLE UTILIZATION AND MANAGEMENT OF WATER RESOURCE IN SHANGHAI CITY

Located on the plain river net region, Shanghai is nourished with abundant water resource. However, the rapid growth of regional economy has led to the prevalent pollution of water quality as well as the low utilization efficiency of water resources and the frequent shortage of clean water. The constitution and total amount of water resource in Shanghai was analyzed for further discussion on the challenges and problems on water resource utilization such as the seriously polluted water and the conspicuous contradiction between water demand and supply. On the basis of analysis, some countermeasures were provided in order to achieve the sustainable utilization and management of water resource in Shanghai, including enhancement of comprehensive regulation of surface water, improvement of utilization efficiency of urban water supply, construction of the new structure of two-river-as-both-sources for water supply, the perfection of financial methods and strenthening of the universal consciousness of water resource protection.