基于相似试验的尾矿库溃坝泥石流预测分析

模型试验是较为准确预测尾矿型泥石流危害影响范围的研究手段。以四川盐源平川铁矿58号尾矿库为研究原型,应用相似试验原理建立该库的试验模型,进行全溃坝试验。试验中冲击压力在断面1达到峰值21 kPa;泥深呈周期性变化在断面2达到最大值5.8 cm,流速随泥石流演进长度不断减小,在断面1出现最大流速1.7 m/s。试验结果表明,溃坝泥石流的冲击压力、泥深和流速在运动过程中先快速到达峰值,然后逐渐减小,而泥深的变化呈现一定的波动性。各断面冲击压力、泥深和流速的峰值出现的时间并不相同,其出现先后与流通地形有很大关联。

Tailings Dam-break Debris Flow Prediction Analysis Based on Similar Tests

It was held by the authors that model test can be a more accurate forecast means of researching debris flow hazards scope of tailings.58 # tailing pond(Pingchuan iron ore) was selected as the research prototype.A similar test model of 58 # tailings pond was build.Whole dam-break tests on the model were carried out.It was observed that impact pressure maximum(21 kPa) appeared at section 1,that mud depth had a periodic variation and its peak was 5.8 cm at section 2,and that debris velocity decreased with the flow development,its peak was 1.7 m/s at section 1.The test conclusions are that the impact pressure,mud depth and flow velocity quickly reach a peak and then gradually decrease,but changes in the mud depth show a surging characteristic.Peaks of impact pressure,mud depth,and flow velocity do not appear simultaneously,their order is affected heavily by the topography.