Modelling wheat production from low-rainfall farming systems in Northern Australia |
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| Institution: | 1. Department of Gastroenterology, Central Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria 3004, Australia;2. Research and Development, MGP Ingredients Inc., 100 Commercial Street, Atchison, KS 66002, USA;3. Centre for Nutrition and Food Sciences, Queensland Alliance for Agriculture and Food Innovation, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, Queensland 4072, Australia;4. Department of Grain Science and Industry, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA;1. Jožef Stefan Institute, Jamova 39, SI-1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia;2. Biotechnical Faculty, Department of Biology, University of Ljubljana, Jamnikarjeva 101, SI-1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia;3. FOM-Institute AMOLF, Science Park 104, 1098 XG Amsterdam, The Netherlands;4. Department of Plant Physiology, University of Bayreuth, Universitätstr. 30, 95447 Bayreuth, Germany;1. Agricultural School, Inner Mongolia Minzu University, Tongliao, China;2. Key Laboratory of Ecosystem Network Observation and Modeling, Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China;1. The Plant Breeding Institute, Sydney Institute of Agriculture, The University of Sydney, 107 Cobbity Rd., Cobbity, NSW, 2570, Australia;2. School of Food Science and Technology, Universiti Malaysia Terengganu, 21030, Kuala Nerus, Terengganu, Malaysia;3. Faculty of Fisheries and Food Science, Universiti Malaysia Terengganu, 21030, Kuala Nerus, Terengganu, Malaysia;1. State Key Laboratory of Vegetation and Environmental Change, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China;2. University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China;3. Collaborative Innovation Center on Forecast and Evaluation of Meteorological Disasters, School of Applied Meteorology, Nanjing University of Information Science & Technology, Nanjing, China |
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| Abstract: | Wheat yields are highly variable in northern Australia because rainfall is variable. Economic benefits from applying nitrogen fertilisers are uncertain because yield responses depend on a good supply of soil moisture during the growing of the crop to provide a high potential yield. While an experiment in 1996 indicated that up to 90 kg N/ha of N fertiliser is profitable, it was not known whether this response is reliable or typical. A crop model and historical climate records (1960–1993) were used in this study to produce a long-term record of yield and grain protein responses to N fertilisers. Responses in 1996 are shown to be atypical due to the favourable conditions in that year. Under typical growing conditions, it is not economic to use N fertiliser. The simulations quantified the relationship between responses to fertiliser and the amount of soil moisture available at sowing. Applications of N fertilisers will be most profitable if used when measurements indicate that the plant-available soil moisture content before sowing is above average. |
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