2000—2002年沙尘现象对北京大气中PM10质量浓度的影响评估

北京地区大气中污染物粒子PM₁₀主要有3个来源:本地区排放的PM₁₀;北京周边地区排放的PM₁₀经过输送扩散进入北京大气中;沙尘现象污染北京大气,尤其在强沙尘时造成北京大气中主要污染物粒子皆为沙尘粒子。而北京部分地区受沙尘影响时,大气中污染物粒子既包含沙尘粒子也包含排放的污染物粒子。利用北京及周边地区气象台站资料、卫星遥感资料以及环境监测资料,采用月积分浓度和年积分浓度方法,对沙尘粒子与污染物粒子进行了统计对比分析,发现沙尘粒子约占北京PM₁₀的7%～19%。 

Effect of Sand-Dust on the Concentration of Atmospheric PM10 in Beijing during 2000 to 2002

The PM₁₀ in the air in Beijing has three main sources, i.e. pollutant emission from native sources, pollutant emission from surrounding areas of Beijing, which was transported and diffused to Beijing, and sand-dust storm from the distant areas. During strong sand-dust storms, in particular, the main pollutant particulates are sand-dust particulates. In part area of Beijing, during the sand-dust storms, both sand-dust particulates and pollutant particulates from native emissions were found in the pollutant particulates. Using the data from the meteorological stations of both Beijing and the surrounding areas, from satellite remote sensing and from environmental monitoring, the concentrations of the two kinds of particulate were distinguished roughly with the concentrations of both the month integration and the year integration and by the statistic analysis of the particulates of both the sand-dust and pollutants. It was found that the particulates of sand-dust was about 7%～19% of the PM₁₀.