Institutional design in transformation: A comparative study of local irrigation governance in Uzbekistan |
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| Institution: | 1. Division of Resource Economics, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Unter den Linden 6, 10099 Berlin, Germany;2. Temporary Professorship in Environmental Governance, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Unter den Linden 6, 10099 Berlin, Germany;1. IWMI-Tata Water Policy Program, Jal Tarang, IWMI-Tata Water Policy Program Near Smruti Apartment, 388001, India;2. Former Member (HQ), Central Ground Water Board, Faridabad, India;3. Scientist Emeritus, International Water Management Institute, Colombo, Sri Lanka;4. Emeritus Professor, Institute of Rural Management Anand, Gujarat, India;1. International Water Management Institute (IWMI), Sunil Mawatha 127, Pelawatta, Sri Lanka;2. International Food and Policy Research Institute (IFPRI), Washington DC, USA;3. Center for Development Research (ZEF), Bonn University, Bonn, Germany;4. Duke University, Durham NC, USA;5. Institute of Water Policy, National University of Singapore, Singapore;1. Key Laboratory of Ecosystem Network Observation and Modeling, Institute of Geographical Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China;2. Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, China;3. University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China;4. Tashkent State Agrarian University, Tashkent 100140, Uzbekistan;5. College of Water Conservancy and Architectural Engineering, Shihezi University, Shihezi 832000, China;6. National University of Uzbekistan Named After Mirzo Ulugbek, Tashkent 100174, Uzbekistan;7. Department of Lake Research, Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research-UFZ, Magdeburg 39114, Germany;8. Hydrological and Geological Reclamation Expedition of Syrdarya Province, Gulistan, Syrdarya Province, Uzbekistan;9. Tashkent Institute of Irrigation and Agricultural Mechanization Engineers, Tashkent 100000, Uzbekistan |
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| Abstract: | The irrigation sector constitutes the backbone of Uzbekistan's economy, providing social and economic stability in the region. The sector collapsed with the fall of the Soviet Union, due to worsening of infrastructure conditions causing tensions among resource users. Subsequent irrigation management reforms were implemented in a top-down manner. More than a decade after the initial reforms – which established local Water Consumers Association (WCA) and transferred operation and maintenance responsibilities for on-farm irrigation canals – the poor performance of these associations is still apparent, illustrating the heritage of the strong role of state agencies in Uzbek water management that still affects collective irrigation management today. This paper identifies the necessary and sufficient conditions for successfully managing common pool resources (CPRs) and, more specifically, irrigation canal maintenance in the rural Bukhara region of Uzbekistan. Fifteen WCAs were examined regarding conditions that may facilitate successful irrigation canal maintenance. Methods involved focus group discussions and in-depth interviews with the associations concerned. Data gathered was analyzed using fuzzy-set qualitative comparative analysis. The results indicate that two paths of local factors can lead to well-maintained irrigation canals: (1) the combination of appropriate chairmanship skills with sustainable resource appropriation or (2) the combination of appropriate chairmanship skills with the presence of effective participatory governance. The results also illustrate the role of path-dependence and traditional co-production of irrigation management in Uzbekistan. |
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| Keywords: | Institutional design Qualitative comparative analysis Water Consumers Association Common pool resources Irrigation infrastructure Uzbekistan |
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