开放经济与节能减排的协调路径

过去30年中,GDP年均增长9.81%的中国经济奇迹已为世界所见证,然而,繁荣背后的能源与环境问题却往往被轻视.本研究基于1992-2006年省级面板数据的联立方程模型,对开放经济与节能减排的协调路径作了实证分析与情景模拟.研究结果表明:贸易与投资自由化虽然也会通过技术溢出等机制对我国能源与环境产生一定的积极影响,但是,基于规模效应的主导作用,贸易与投资自由化仍将促使我国能源消耗与污染排放的总量增加.在现有国情下,开放经济与节能减排的主要协调路径应在于:以优化能源结构为目标,推进能源价格改革;强化市场换技术战略,提升外资技术效率;因地制宜,促进工业结构优化;保障环境政策的有效性,强化市场机制;加强宣传,树立节能减排的全民意识等.

Coordinated Path of Open Economy, Energy Saving and Pollution Reduction

This artide uses simultaneous equations to research a possible coordinated patch of open economy, energy saving and pollution reduction, which utilizes panel data of China s 30 provinces during the period from 1992 to 2006. The result shows that the ultimate impact of open economy to energy and environment is negative, although the liberalization of trade and investment presents a positive impact to energy and environment based on spillover effects. The main coordinated path should take optimizing the energy structure as the goal, reform the energy price, strengthen the strategy of obtaining advanced technology by opening of domestic market,enhance the technology efficiency of foreign-funded enterprises, adjust the industrial structure according to the actual situation, ensure the effectiveness of environmental policies, improve the market mechanism, and establish the awareness of energy saving and pollution reduction of all the people.