生物效应比(BER)技术预测我国水生生物基准探讨

基于中国与美国间生物敏感性的差异,对生物效应比(BER)技术预测我国水生生物基准值进行了研究.首先,对中美共有的且急性生物毒性数据符合3门8科的污染物进行筛选,然后,依据两国物种的敏感性与代表性建立基于不同生物组合的BER技术,最后,对不同生物组合BER技术预测水生生物急性基准值与实测基准值进行比较与分析,筛选出预测效果较好的BER技术.结果表明:共筛选出9个中美共有且毒性数据丰富的污染物(As(III)、Cr(VI)、Hg、Cu、Zn、Pb、对硫磷、毒死蜱和三丁基锡),依据本土生物毒性数据推导出该9种污染物的我国水生生物急性基准值分别为201.72、2.64、0.74、1.32、55.83、92.25、0.12、0.36和0.38μg/L.此外,在对7种生物组合方式BER技术的预测效果进行分析比较的基础上,初步提出基于同属或科的生物组合方式的BER技术可较好地对9种污染物的本土水生生物急性基准值进行预测.研究结果可为在本土生物毒性数据缺乏时充分利用现有毒性数据或进行少量毒性试验的基础上对我国水生生物急性基准值的预测提供帮助.

Study of using biological effect ratio (BER) method to predict the aquatic life criteria in China

In this study, predicted aquatic life criteria using biological effect ratio (BER) method based on the difference of species sensitivity between China and the USA was investigated. First, pollutants with acute toxicity data from 3Phyla and 8Families that both in China and the USA were selected. Second, the different biological groups were developed for BER method based on the sensitivity and representation of species of the two countries. Third, effective BER method was selected based on the comparison of predicted criteria maximum concentration (CMC) and the measured CMC. Results showed that: 9pollutants of As(III), Cr(VI), Hg, Cu, Zn, Pb, parathion, chlorpyrifos and TBT both in China and the USA were selected, and the measured CMCs for protecting the Chinese native aquatic species were derived to be 201.72, 2.64, 0.74, 1.32, 55.83, 92.25, 0.12, 0.36 and 0.38μg/L, respectively. Moreover, comparison of predicted criteria and the measured criteria of 7different biological groups for BER method showed that BER method of biological groups based on the same genera or family could predict the CMCs of 9pollutants in China well. The result of this study could provide useful information for predicting CMC making full use of the existed toxicity data or just carrying out less toxicity test when toxicity data of native species is lacking.