PI纤维在空间带电粒子辐照下的力学性能损伤

目的研究聚酰亚胺(PI)纤维在电子辐照、质子辐照、应力耦合质子辐照条件下力学性能的损伤行为。方法采用中国科学院长春应用化学研究所自主合成并纺丝制备的聚酰亚胺纤维,在空间环境模拟设备辐照的条件下,研究空间带电粒子对聚酰亚胺纤维辐照后的力学损伤行为,并通过XQ-1型纤维强度仪对辐照前后的样品进行拉伸试验。结果在低能电子辐照条件下,聚酰亚胺纤维的拉伸强度、模量和断裂伸长率均有所降低,但变化不太显著;高能电子辐照会提高材料的模量;质子辐照后,材料的拉伸强度和断裂伸长率随着辐照注量的增加明显降低;单一施加5%的应变会使聚酰亚胺纤维的拉伸力学性能有一定量下降。与单一应变样品相比,应力耦合质子辐照样品的拉伸强度和断裂伸长率进一步下降,但是与单一质子辐照样品相比,应力耦合辐照样品的拉伸强度和断裂伸长率都更高。结论无论是在低能电子辐照条件下,还是在高能电子辐照条件下,电子辐照对聚酰亚胺纤维力学性能影响均较微弱,而质子辐照会较大程度地降低材料的力学性能,增加应力耦合效应之后,质子辐照对材料的力学性能影响减弱。

Mechanical Properties of Polyimide Fibers under the Irradiation of Space Charged Particles

The paper aims to study the mechanical properties of polyimide fibers under electron irradiation, proton irradiation and stress-coupled proton irradiation. The polyimide fibers, which were prepared by the Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, were irradiated by the space environment simulation equipment and the mechanical properties before and after irradiation were tested by XQ-1 fiber strength meter. Under the low energy electron irradiation, the tensile strength, modulus and elongation at break of polyimide fiber were all reduced, but the change was not significant; high energy electron irradiation would increase the modulus of the material; after proton irradiation, the tensile strength and the elongation at break of the material decreased significantly with the increase of the irradiation fluence; single application of 5% strain would cause a certain decrease in the tensile mechanical properties of the polyimide fiber. Compared to the single strained samples, the tensile strength and the elongation at break of the stress-coupled proton irradiated samples were further reduced; while compared to the single proton irradiated samples, the tensile strength and the elongation at break of the stress-coupled irradiated samples were higher. The effect of electron irradiation on the mechanical properties of polyimide fiber is weak whether it is under low-energy or high-energy; while the proton irradiation will greatly reduce the mechanical properties of the polyimide fibers. Adding the stress coupling effect will weaken the effect of proton irradiation on the mechanical properties of the polyimide fibers.