江苏省内河船舶大气污染物排放清单及特征

基于船舶签证、过闸数据以及AIS数据,采用船舶引擎功率的方法建立了江苏省内河船舶大气污染物排放清单.结果表明,2014年江苏省内河船舶共排放NO_x18. 71万t、SO_25. 13万t、PM_(2.5)0. 82万t、PM_(10)1. 10万t、HC 0. 64万t、CO 1. 67万t和CO_21 051. 13万t;对于内河船舶(不计长江),干货船污染物排放量最大,吨位范围200～600 t的污染物排放量最高,船舶正常航行工况下污染物排放量最高;对于长江江苏段抵港船舶,非集装箱货轮污染物排放量最高,装卸货工况下污染物排放量最高,其次是巡航状态,对于不同动力单元,主机和辅机是主要排放单元;对于长江江苏段过境船舶,非集装箱货轮的污染物排放量最高,其次为油轮,缓慢行驶状态下各污染物排放量均为最高,对于不同动力单元,SO2、PM_(2.5)和PM_(10)主机排放量高于辅机;京杭运河苏北段航道单位航道长度大气污染物排放量较大,苏南航道次之;江苏省内河船舶排放受时间影响较小,除2月排放占比略小外,其余月份排放占比基本较为均匀,均在8%～10%左右.

Vessel Emission Inventories and Emission Characteristics for Inland Rivers in Jiangsu Province

Based on ship visas, lockage data, and automatic identification system (AIS) data, vessel emission inventories for inland rivers of Jiangsu Province were established by using a vessel power-based approach, and the characteristics of vessel emissions were also discussed. The results showed that NO_x, SO₂, PM_2.5, PM₁₀, hydrocarbons (HC), CO, and CO₂ emissions of inland ships in 2014 were 1.87×10⁵, 5.13×10⁴, 8.2×10³, 1.1×10⁴, 6.4×10³, 1.67×10⁴, and 1.05×10⁷ t, respectively, for inland vessels (excluding the Yangtze River), and dry cargo ships had the largest pollutant emissions. The highest pollutant emissions were found in the tonnage range of 200-600 t, and the highest pollutant emissions were found during the normal navigation conditions of ships. For the arrival of ships in the Jiangsu section of the Yangtze River, the non-container cargo ships had the highest pollutant emissions, and the emissions of pollutants were the highest under loading and unloading conditions. Under a cruise state, the main engine and auxiliary engine were the main emission units for different power units; for transit ships in the Jiangsu section of the Yangtze River, non-container cargo ships had the highest pollutant emissions, followed by oil tankers. The highest emissions of all pollutants occurred under slow driving conditions, and for different power units, the emissions of SO₂, PM_2.5, and PM₁₀ from the main engine were higher than those from the auxiliary engine. The emissions of atmospheric pollutants along the channel length of the channel of the North Jiangsu section of the Beijing-Hangzhou Grand Canal were relatively large, followed by those of the South Jiangsu Channel. The inland ship emissions in Jiangsu Province were less affected by time, except for the slightly smaller proportion of emissions in February, and the proportion of emissions in other months was basically uniform, where values ranged from 8% to 10%.