粤港澳大湾区土壤污染问题计量及可视化分析

土壤污染问题已经成为粤港澳大湾区迈向国际一流湾区的桎梏,对标纽约、旧金山和东京三大世界一流湾区可以为应对大湾区土壤环境压力提供方向指引.以Web of Science核心数据库中相关文献为研究对象,运用文献共被引分析、关键词共现分析和关键词突现检测的文献计量定量分析方法,对世界三大湾区土壤污染领域的研究现状进行了分析.结果表明,目前世界湾区土壤污染的研究主题主要集中在土壤污染物来源、空间分布、修复处理研究,以及土壤污染的生物可利用度、对海洋生物的不利影响、海洋生物指标在土壤污染评估的作用;土壤污染物研究的热点集中在重金属污染和有机污染上,海洋生物关联研究则对土壤污染的毒性、引发的生物性畸变和生物标志物讨论较多.通过对比国内外湾区土壤污染研究状况,发现我国湾区土壤污染研究相比世界三大湾区起步较晚,且现有国内文献成果的研究区域和主题分布不均衡,特别是在湾区土壤污染的海洋生物关联研究方面热度较低.因此,开展粤港澳大湾区海陆一体化研究、扩展考察领域至土壤污染的相关海洋生物研究,对完善我国粤港澳大湾区土壤污染研究、应对大湾区土壤环境问题至关重要.

Visualized Quantitative Research of Soil Pollution in the Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area

Soil pollution has become a constraint for the Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area to move toward becoming an international first-class bay area. Learning from the three major bay areas of New York, San Francisco, and Tokyo can provide guidance for alleviating the soil environmental pressure in the Greater Bay Area. Based on the relevant literature in the core database of the Web of Science, the current research status of soil pollution in the three major bay areas was analyzed by using co-citation analysis, keywords co-occurrence analysis, and keyword emergence detection. The results showed that the main research topics of soil pollution in the three major bay areas are focused mainly on the source, spatial distribution of and remediation of soil pollutants, bioavailability of soil pollution and its adverse effects on marine organisms, and the role of the marine biotic index in soil pollution assessment. Hotspots in the study of soil pollutants are concentrated in the areas of organic pollution and heavy metal pollution. Toxicity, imposex, and biomarkers are the hot topics in the related marine biological research. By comparing the research status of soil pollution in bay areas at home and abroad, it was found that the study of soil pollution in China''s bay areas started relatively late compared with that in the three major bay areas and that the distributions of research area and subject are unbalanced. The intensity of research on the related marine biological research is relatively low. Therefore, carrying out research on the land-sea integration of Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area is an urgent priority. The research field needs to be extended to the related marine biological research. In this way, the study of soil pollution in the Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area can be improved and the problems of soil pollution can be addressed.