耦合短程硝化反硝化的垃圾渗滤液厌氧氨氧化处理系统构建及微生物群落分析

本研究从某垃圾填埋场计划将现有的垃圾渗滤液短程硝化反硝化脱氮工艺改造为短程硝化反硝化耦合厌氧氨氧化工艺的实际需求入手,以短程硝化反硝化污泥作为接种污泥,在上流式厌氧污泥床反应器(UASB)中完成厌氧氨氧化启动.探究反应器运行中的脱氮效能、氮容积负荷和氮去除负荷情况,并利用16S rRNA基因序列分析技术对长期运行条件下系统中微生物群落结构演替进行分析.结果表明,反应器经历了149 d后成功启动厌氧氨氧化,稳定运行后的进水总氮容积负荷达到4 000. 00 mg·(L·d)-1,总氮容积平均去除速率达到3 885. 76 mg·(L·d)-1,系统氨氮和亚硝酸盐氮的平均去除率均超过了95%.运行第250 d时,系统的生物多样性减少,门水平上厌氧氨氧化主要菌群Planctomycetes的丰度达到了54. 94%;属水平上Candidatus Kuenenia为主要菌属,其相对丰度达到了49. 66%.结果证明,在短程硝化反硝化基础上耦合厌氧氨氧化实现垃圾渗滤液深度处理的升级改造工艺具有可行性.

Setup and Microbial Community Analysis of ANAMMOX System for Landfill Leachate Treatment Coupling Partial Nitrification-Denitrification Process

In order to upgrade the current shortcut nitrification and denitrification process for landfill leachate treatment and to stimulate nitrification-denitrification coupled with anaerobic ammonia oxidation (ANAMMOX) at a landfill, an ANAMMOX process was started using an up-flow anaerobic sludge bed (UASB) reactor seeded with nitrification and denitrification sludge. The performances of the reactor were investigated, including the nitrogen loading and nitrogen removal rates. Moreover, Illumina Miseq sequencing was conducted to analyze the microbial community dynamics under long-term operation on a molecular level. The results showed that the ANAMMOX reactor was successfully started in 149 days. The total nitrogen loading rate reached 4000.00 mg·(L·d)^-1, and the total nitrogen removal rate reached 3885.76 mg·(L·d)^-1 after stable operation. The average ammonium and nitrite removal efficiencies were more than 95%. In 250 days, the Planctomycetes in the reactor experienced rapid growth, and its abundance reached 54.94%. The abundance of Candidatus Kuenenia reached 49.66%. The upgrading process of landfill leachate treatment by coupling ANAMMOX based on short-cut nitrification and denitrification was confirmed to be feasible.