基于DALYs的北京市大气PM2.5载带苯并[a]芘疾病负旦研究

苯并a]芘(BaP)是一类兼具强致癌性和非致癌毒性的物质,可随PM_(2.5)经呼吸途径进入人体而威胁健康.本文采集2016年北京城区监测点PM_(2.5)样品并采用气相色谱质谱联用仪测定其载带BaP浓度.通过BaP的流行病学及动物毒理学数据的检索和分析,确定BaP呼吸暴露的致癌和非致癌毒效应评价终点及其剂量效应关系.运用伤残调整生命年(DALYs)指标估算了呼吸途径人群PM_(2.5)载带BaP暴露导致的疾病负担.结果显示北京市BaP导致总疾病负担为431.36 DALYs·a~(-1),每千人DALYs为0.03 a~(-1).其中非致癌效应的疾病负担为1.98 DALYs·a~(-1),致癌效应为429.39 DALYs·a~(-1).不同毒效应的疾病负担排序为:癌症(99.54%)发育毒性(0.41%)生殖毒性(0.04%).不同季节的疾病负担贡献差异较大.北京市BaP暴露导致疾病负担的主要贡献季节为冬季,疾病负担贡献的顺序为冬季(88.01%)秋季(4.91%)春季(4.34%)夏季(2.74%).

Study on burden of disease attributable to ambient PM2.5-bound BaP in Beijing based on DALYs

Benzoa]pyrene (BaP) is a substance with strong carcinogenicity and non-carcinogenic toxicity, which can enter human body with PM_2.5 through respiratory pathway, thus threaten human health. In this paper, daily PM_2.5 samples were collected in urban area of Beijing for one year and the concentration of BaP was measured by GC-MS. By searching and analyzing BaP epidemiology and animal toxicity data, the carcinogenic and non-carcinogenic endpoints and dose-response relationships were determined for BaP inhalation exposure. Disability-adjusted life-year (DALYs) was used to estimate the burden of disease caused by population exposure to PM_2.5-bound BaP via respiratory pathway. The results showed that the total disease burden of the population in Beijing was 431.36 DALYs·a^-1, that is, the DALYs was 0.032 per year per thousand people. The burden of disease for non-carcinogenic and carcinogenic effect was 1.98 DALYs·a^-1 and 429.39 DALYs·a^-1, respectively. The burden of disease by toxic effect was ranked as follows:cancer (99.54%) > developmental toxicity (0.41%) > reproductive toxicity (0.04%). The contribution to the disease burden varies greatly in different seasons. The main contributive season to disease burden caused by BaP exposure in Beijing was winter. The contributive order to disease burden was winter (88.01%) > autumn (4.91%) > spring (4.34%) > summer (2.74%).