基于FTA的运营隧道衬砌渗水原因分析及预防

隧道衬砌渗水已成为影响运营隧道结构强度和稳定的关键因素。为了能在运营隧道的日常管理与维护过程中有效预防运营隧道衬砌渗水的发生，从隧道运营管理与维护的角度，运用事故树分析法较为系统、全面地分析得出了运营隧道衬砌渗水的11个基本原因和8个理论预防方案。通过综合比较分析，提出了“有效泄压”和“及时检测修复裂缝”2个预防运营隧道衬砌渗水的可行方案，并相应地给出了各可行预防方案的具体措施。针对不能从本质上解决隧道衬砌裂缝的情况，指出加强运营隧道衬砌渗水检测与预警技术的研究和应用，是实现有效预防运营隧道衬砌渗水的必要途径。

Cause analysis and prevention of water seepage in operational tunnel lining based on FTA

Water seepage of tunnel lining has been the key factor which impacts on the structural strength and sta- bility of operational tunnel. To efficiently prevent the occurrence of water seepage of operational tunnel lining in the daily management and maintenance process of operational tunnel, from the perspective of tunnel operation manage- ment and maintenance, eleven basis reasons and eight theory prevention programs were concluded on water seepage of operational tunnel lining via systematic and comprehensive analysis, based on fault tree analysis method. Through a comprehensive comparative analysis, two feasible options on preventing water seepage of operational tun- nel lining were proposed, namely ＂effective relief＂ and ＂timely detection fix cracks＂, and some specific measures of each feasible prevention program were put forward. According to the situation that the problem of tunnel lining cracks can not be solved essentially, it showed that the strengthening of research and application on detection and warning technology is an essential way to achieve effective prevention of water seepage in operational tunnel lining.