Fate of trace tetracycline with resistant bacteria and resistance genes in an improved AAO wastewater treatment plant |
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Institution: | 1. State Key Lab. of Pollution Control and Resources Reuse, College of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China;2. Xylem (China) Co., Ltd., Shanghai 200051, China;3. Shanghai Plant Biomass Co., Ltd., Shanghai 200092, China;1. Department of Infectious Diseases, Institute for Biomedicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Sweden;2. Department of Chemistry, Umeå University, Sweden;3. Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences, University of Gothenburg, Sweden;4. Department of Shipping and Marine Technology, Chalmers University of Technology, Sweden |
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Abstract: | The fate of trace tetracycline, tetracycline resistant bacteria (TRB) and tetracycline resistant genes (TRGs) in an improved anaerobic-anoxic-oxic (AAO) wastewater treatment plant (WWTP) was investigated in this study. Quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) and conventional heterotrophic plate count method were used to measure eight tet genes (tetA, tetB, tetC, tetE, tetM, tetO, tetS and tetX) and TRB, respectively. The TRB percent of total heterotrophic bacteria (THB) is about 1.31–24.1% in WWTP influent. Tet gene abundance in the WWTP varied greatly among the gene types. The concentrations of TRGs in effluent samples ranged from 7.11 × 10?9 to 1.53 × 10?4 copies/copy 16S rRNA gene. TRB and THB, tetM and tetO, tetE and tetX, but not the others, showed a significant correlation with each other (p < 0.01). The relationships between ribosomal protection protein genes, enzymatic modification gene and corresponding concentrations of antibiotics were found to be considerably significant (R2 = 0.898, p < 0.01 for ribosomal protection protein genes and R2 = 0.872, p < 0.05 for enzymatic modification gene). |
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Keywords: | Fate Tetracyclines Tetracycline resistant bacteria (TRB) Tetracycline resistant genes (TRGs) Modified anaerobic-anoxic-oxic (AAO) process Wastewater treatment |
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