Disintegration of municipal waste activated sludge by simultaneous combination of acid and ultrasonic pretreatment |
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| Institution: | 1. Newcastle University, United Kingdom;2. Durham University, United Kingdom;3. University of Warwick, United Kingdom;4. Cardiff University, United Kingdom;5. University of Exeter , United Kingdom;1. Department of Chemistry, Shahre-Qods Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran;2. Young Researchers and Elite Club, Shahre-Qods Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran;1. Department of Civil Engineering, Regional Centre of Anna University, Tirunelveli, India;2. Department of Civil Engineering, Ponjesly College of Engineering, Nagercoil, India;3. Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University, Seoul, South Korea;1. Department of Civil Engineering, Regional Campus, Anna University, Tirunelveli, India;2. Department of Environmental Engineering, Daegu University, Republic of Korea;3. Institute of Remote Sensing, College of Engineering, Guindy, Anna University, Chennai, India;4. Graduate School of Water Resource, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, South Korea;1. Department of Inorganic Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, University of Cordoba. Campus Universitario de Rabanales, Edificio Marie Curie (C-3). Ctra. N IV, km 396, 14071, Cordoba, Spain;2. Empresa Metropolitana de Aguas de Sevilla, S.A. (EMASESA). C/ Escuelas Pías,1, 41008, Sevilla, Spain |
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| Abstract: | The individual and simultaneous effects of acid and ultrasonic pretreatment on the disintegration of municipal waste activated sludge (WAS) were investigated based on chemical properties of WAS. In the combination of acid and ultrasonic pretreatment methods (ultrasonic-acid pretreatment), lowering pH accelerated and enhanced the disintegration of waste biological sludge. Therefore, the same disintegration efficiency (obtained by ultrasonic pretreatment alone) was achieved by the combined pretreatment in shorter sonication times. Optimum pretreatment conditions were ultrasonic power density of 1.0 W/mL and pretreatment time of 10 min for ultrasonic pretreatment alone, and ultrasonic power density of 1.0 W/mL, pretreatment time of 10 min and initial sludge pH of 2.0 for the combined pretreatment. Sludge disintegration degrees were about 30% and 40% under these optimized conditions, respectively. Optimum sludge concentration was found to be 1.0% total solid (TS) content for the combined pretreatment. As a result, ultrasonic-acid pretreatment has been determined as a new and effective combined sludge pretreatment method to improve the sludge disintegration. |
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| Keywords: | Acid pretreatment Disintegration Pretreatment Ultrasonic pretreatment Waste activated sludge |
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