汉江堵河流域地表水质时空变化特征

对汉江堵河流域9个点位为期1年的地表水水质理化特性进行时空特征分析，应用〖WTBX〗t〖WTBZ〗检验进行水质季节性变化分析，聚类分析进行空间相似性分析以确定空间尺度的分类情况，判别分析识别显著性指标，并以此反映上述空间聚类分析结果的差异性。结果表明:①Cl-、总溶解性固体（TDS）及浊度（Turbidity） 3项指标没有表现出显著的时间差异性；②温度、pH、NO-3、TP表现为丰水季显著大于枯水季，而SO2-4、HCO-3、NH+4、 DO则表现出相反的变化趋势，即枯水季显著大于丰水季；③空间聚类分析将采样点分为4类；④判别分析体现出良好的指标降维能力，仅需4个指标（NO-3、TDS、SO2-4、HCO-3）即可反映整体水质的空间差异性。

PATIAL TEMPORAL DISTRIBUTION OF SURFACE WATER QUALITY IN THE DU RIVER BASIN

Multivariate statistical techniques including cluster analysis and discriminant analysis were performed on a water quality data set collected in 9 sites of the Du River in Hubei Province during 2006~2007,aiming at identifying spatial temporal characteristics of water quality,assisting watershed management and water resource protection and utilization.The results indicate that water quality had significant seasonal variations except Cl-,TDS and Turbidity.Temperature,pH,NO-3,TP is significantly higher in flood seasons than in dry seasons,while SO2-4,HCO-3,NH+4,DO show the opposite trend,that is,in flood season significantly lower levels are observed than in dry season.Grouping the sampling sites based on cluster analysis and recognizing the discriminant parameters based on discriminant analysis which can account for most of the spatial variation in water quality.The sampling sites are classified into 4 classes.Only four discriminant parameters (NO-3,TDS,SO2-4,HCO-3) are identified in discriminant analysis for 4 clusters,which can reflect the overall water quality of the spatial variation.