砖混和剪力墙结构住宅建筑碳足迹对比研究

通过对厦门大学职工砖混结构和剪力墙结构住宅住户的调查,将住宅建筑生命周期分为建材生产、建材运输、建筑建造、建筑使用、建筑拆除和废旧建材处理6个阶段,计算了2种建筑结构不同生命周期阶段的碳排放,结果显示:2种建筑碳足迹都为2.3 t/m2左右,砖混结构的人均碳足迹高于剪力墙结构,分别为67.98 t/m2和64.47 t/m2;2种住宅绝大部分的碳排放来自建材生产和建筑使用两阶段,剪力墙结构住宅在建材生产阶段碳排放量为0.673 4 t/m2,是砖混结构的2倍多;剪力墙结构住宅使用期间的碳排放量为1.59 t/m2,为砖混结构的81.2%。剪力墙结构住宅建材生产和建筑使用碳排放占建筑全生命周期碳排放的比例分别为29.28%和69.13%,砖混结构住宅则为14.01%和84.81%。研究结果可为发展低碳建筑提供科学依据。

Carbon Footprint Comparison of Residential Buildings between Brick and Concrete Structure and Shear Wall Structure in Xiamen City

Carbon footprint of two types of residential buildings,which were shear wall structure(SWS) and brick and concrete structure(BCS),were calculated through a questionnaire survey of the residents of Xiamen University based on whole building life cycle analysis.The whole building life cycle could be divided into six stages as material production、transportation、construction、operation、decommissioning and recycling.The results showed that carbon footprints of both types of residential buildings were about 2.3 t/m2,carbon footprint per capita of BCS was higher than SWS,which were 67.98 t/m2 and 64.47 t/m2 respectively.A vast majority of carbon emission of both residential buildings came from material production stage and operation stage.Carbon emission of the SWS building in the stage of material production was 0.673 4 t/m2,which was as much as 2 times of the BCS.Carbon emission of the SWS during the operation stage was 1.59 t/m2,which was 81.2% of the BCS.The carbon emissions of SWS residential building in material production stage and operation stage were 29.28% and 69.13% of the whole life cycle,and 14.01% and 84.81% for BCS residential building.This study can offer a scientific base for developing low carbon building.