中国燃煤汞排放及活性炭脱汞技术

随着我国经济的快速发展,能源消耗日益增加,由此凸显的环境问题也越来越得到人们的重视。我国是煤炭使用大国,能源结构以煤炭为主,而燃煤带来的大量汞释放使大气环境日益恶化,给人类的健康带来了巨大的威胁。对此我国十分重视,在"十二五"规划中强调并部署了大气汞污染排放的控制及防治工作。目前,国内外对于燃煤电厂释放汞的控制技术逐渐成熟,其中利用活性炭及改性活性炭对煤炭燃烧后产生的汞进行脱除的方法在实际应用中最为广泛,也是各学者研究的热点。文章对我国燃煤释放的汞污染现状及对人体的危害进行了阐述,在众多燃煤脱汞技术中重点回顾了活性炭及改性活性炭对燃煤电厂汞排放的控制技术及机理研究,并对该领域的研究趋势作了展望。

Overviews of Mercury Emission from Coal Combustion in China and Technology of Mercury-removing by Activated Carbon

Combustion of coal that is the most important energy source in China has been producing immense air pollution including mercury pollution.Recently,mercury pollution control has been put on the agenda according to the 12th Five-Year Planning.This paper reviews the status of mercury pollution caused by coal-fire industry in China,the related health risks and the technology to control mercury emission,which has been gradually developed especially in the coal-fire power plant.Techniques to remove Hg from flue gas including conventional activated carbon and modified activated carbon,as well as the adsorption and desorption/regeneration mechanisms are introduced;and on the basis of the technology review prospects for improving mercury control in terms of strategy and technology are discussed as well.