改善深圳河水质的补水方案及生态影响初步分析

深圳河旱季天然径流量小而污染负荷高，为了改善河流水质，在削减入河污染物的同时有必要采取补水措施。利用水质模型，计算了不同污水处理率下，分别以污水资源化再生水、珠江口海水和大鹏湾海水为补水水源时，深圳河达到基本不黑臭所需的补水量。讨论了补水方案对河流水质、盐度、水动力条件的改变及其对生态系统的影响。研究表明，引海水对河流生态系统的冲击不容忽视。而污水资源化是较优的补水方案。

Preliminary analysis of water supplement schemes to improve water quality and their ecological impacts on Shenzhen River

In Shenzhen River basin, the runoff in dry season is small while the pollutant loading is high. In order to improve the water quality of Shenzhen River, water supplement schemes other than reducing pollutant loading should be carried out. There are three schemes, which used the reclaimed water from wastewater treatment plants, seawater from Pearl Estuary. and seawater from Dapeng Bay as the supplemental water source, respectively. Water quality model was employed to compute the amounts of supplemental water to eliminate the malodorous-black phenomenon in Shenzhen River for each scheme. The effects of different water supplement schemes on water quality, salinity, hydrodynamic condition, and the river ecosystem were investigated. It was shown that using seawater as the supplemental water has great impact on the river ecosystem, and the reclaimed water as the supplemental water is a better choice.