有色金属冶炼厂镉污染土壤淋洗除镉

以云南省某废弃有色金属冶炼厂镉污染土壤为研究对象，分别采用单一淋洗和复合淋洗方法探究盐酸、FeCl3、鼠李糖脂淋洗剂及淋洗条件对土壤中镉去除效果的影响。结果表明，在盐酸(1 mol·L-1)+鼠李糖脂(2%)配比为2∶1，液固比为8∶1，淋洗时间为24 h的条件下，土壤中镉的去除率可达86.78%，可将镉污染强度为1 180 mg·kg-1的土壤修复至满足《土壤环境质量建设用地土壤污染风险管控标准》(GB 36600-2018)第二类用地管制值(Cd-1)的要求。该方法可有效去除土壤中活性态镉，使土壤生物毒性明显降低。

Cadmium removal from contaminated soil inside non-ferrous metal smelter by washing

For cadmium contaminated soil inside an abandoned non-ferrous metal smelter in Yunnan, the washing ways with single and composite eluent were used to study the effects of hydrochloric acid, FeCl3, rhamnolipid, and washing conditions on cadmium removal from the soil. Results show that 86.78% cadmium could be removed at hydrochloric acid (1 mol·L-1) and rhamnolipid (2%) ratio of 2∶1, the liquid-solid ratio of 8:1, and the washing time of 24 h. Consequently, the contaminated soil with 1 180 mg·kg-1 Cd could be remedied to meet the land use control value of category II (Cd content -1) in Risk Control Standard of Soil Pollution in Construction Land of Soil Environmental Quality (GB 36600-2018). This method could effectively remove the active Cd species from the soil and significantly reduce the soil biotoxicity.