长三角典型城郊流域生物可降解性有机质的分布及影响因素

快速城镇化改变了流域水体中碳的生物地球化学循环过程，生物可利用性的溶解性有机质组分是其中最为关键的一环，辨识生物可降解性有机质(BDOM)的时空分布特征及其影响因素对流域水质管控具有重要意义和应用价值.以长三角地区典型城郊流域樟溪为研究对象，根据流域地形特征、土地利用及人类活动强度布设监测点位，于2019年分别在雨季和旱季采样，利用三维荧光平行因子(EEM-PARAFAC)方法结合源汇景观模型研究流域水体BDOM的时空分布特征.结果表明，流域中生物可降解性有机碳浓度范围在0.57～6.80 mg·L^-1,且具有较高的时空异质性，人类活动强度较高的区域水体中BDOM的浓度也相对较高，且雨季显著高于旱季.EEM-PARAFAC分析结果表明，流域BDOM主要包括陆源腐殖质(C1)和类蛋白质类(C2)这2种荧光组分.流域BDOM及其陆源腐殖质荧光组分主要受土地利用和人类活动的影响，其浓度与农业及城镇用地比例和源汇景观负荷比(LWLI)关系密切，表明城镇化过程中人类活动是影响BDOM分布的重要因素.

Distribution of Biodegradable Dissolved Organic Matter and Its Affecting Factors in a Typical Peri-urban Watershed in Yangtze River Delta

Dissolved organic matter (DOM) plays key roles in the carbon biogeochemical cycle, and biodegradable dissolved organic matter (BDOM) is one of the key fractions of DOM. Rapid urbanization and intensive human activities substantially influence the distribution of DOM at the watershed scale. Identifying the spatial and temporal variability in BDOM has become an important and urgent issue of water quality control in rapid urbanization areas. However, limited studies have been conducted to explore the role of human activities on the occurrence and distribution of BDOM in peri-urban watersheds. In this study, the spatial and temporal distribution of BDOM and related affecting factors were investigated in a typical peri-urban watershed (Zhangxi watershed) located at Ningbo City in Yangtze River Delta. Water samples were collected in wet and dry seasons in 2019 based on topographic features, land use, and intensity of human activities. The BDOM were characterized by fluorescence excitation-emission matrix and parallel factor analysis (EEM-PARAFAC), and land use patterns were analyzed using the Source-Sink Landscape Model. The results of this study showed that the BDOM concentrations ranged from 0.57 to 6.80 mg·L^-1. Obvious spatial and temporal heterogeneities of BDOM were found at the watershed scale, and significantly higher concentrations of BDOM were observed in the wet season than those in the dry season. Furthermore, relatively high concentrations of BDOM were found in areas with relatively higher intensive human activities. Two fluorescent components (a terrestrial humic-like substance and protein-like substance) were observed using the PARAFAC model. The results of spatial analysis showed that terrestrial humic-like fluorescent components were closely positively correlated with anthropogenic parameters (percentages of agricultural and urban land and ratio of source and sink landscapes). The results showed that the occurrence and distribution of BDOM were strongly influenced by human activities, which could provide scientific guidance for water quality control and related land management in peri-urban aquatic ecosystems.