基于表面活性剂和混凝机理控制陶瓷窑炉黑烟污染的实验研究

针对工业燃煤陶瓷窑炉黑烟难治理的现状,提出了控制黑烟的新方法.在燃煤陶瓷窑炉的烟道中采集沉积炭黑,并分析炭黑物理、化学性质.从改变炭黑的润湿效果、沉降状态入手,通过一系列的正交实验,分析了选取的表面活性剂及混凝剂对炭黑的润湿与混凝作用,筛选出了效果较好的混凝剂与表面活性剂的混合溶液作为去除炭黑的吸收液.对筛选出的混合溶液进行炭黑沉降实验,分析炭黑沉降率得到最佳配方: 100 mmol/L Na₂SO₄+ 1.2 mmol/L SDBS+ 40 mg/L PAM.吸收炭黑后,溶液与炭黑有明显的分层,中间溶液澄清透明,其炭黑的去除率达94.34%.配制吸收液的药品价格便宜且吸收液可以循环利用,可节省药剂和水的用量. 

Experimental Study on Control of Black Smoke Pollution from the Ceramic Kilns Based on Surfactant and Coagulation Mechanism

Aiming at carbon black characteristics,a new method of controlling the black smoke from industrial coal-burning ceramic kilns by wetting was brought forward.The carbon black in the flue of coal-burning ceramic kiln was collected for the experiment and its physical and chemical property was studied in detail.In order to change the sedimentation and wettability state of the carbon black,the solution of coagulant and surfactant was collocated.A series of orthogonal experiments were performed to choose the complex solutions with better effect. The removal efficiency of carbon black by the complex solutions was measured.Based on detailed analysis,one best complex solution was finally selected: 100 mmol/LNa_2SO_4 1.2 mmol/L SDBS 40 mg/L PAM.After carbon black was absorbed,the complex solutions were clear and colorless.The complex solutions can be recovered,and the removal efficiency of carbon black is 94.34%.