A cost effective method for decentralized sewage treatment |
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| Institution: | 1. Research Institute of Petroleum Industry (RIPI), West Blvd., Near Azadi Sports Complex, Tehran, Iran;2. Section Sanitary Engineering, Department of Water Management, Faculty of Civil Engineering and Geosciences, Delft University of Technology, P.O. Box 5048, 2600 GA Delft, The Netherlands;1. School of Chemical Engineering, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Nibong Tebal, Penang 14300, Malaysia;2. School of Biological Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Minden, Penang 11800, Malaysia;3. Department of Physics, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA;1. Nuclear Engineering Department, Technical University of Madrid, José Gutiérrez Abascal 2, 28006 Madrid, Spain;2. Modeling and Simulation Department, Nuclear Safety Council (MOSI CSN), Justo Dorado 11, 28040 Madrid, Spain;1. Department of Electrical Engineering, Electronics & Automation, University of Extremadura, Avda. Elvas s/n, Badajoz, Spain;2. Department of Project Management, University of Extremadura, Avda. Elvas s/n, Badajoz, Spain;1. Delft University of Technology, Faculty of Civil Engineering and Geosciences, Department of Watermanagement, Sanitary Engineering Section, Stevinweg 1, 2628 CN Delft, The Netherlands;2. Istanbul Technical University, Faculty of Civil Engineering, Department of Environmental Engineering, Maslak, 34469 Istanbul, Turkey;3. Biothane Systems International, Tanthofdreef 21, 2600 GB Delft, The Netherlands;4. Veolia Environnement Recherche et Innovation, Chemin de la Digue, BP 76, 78603 Maisons-Laffitte Cedex, France;1. NSF Engineering Research Center ReNUWIt, Colorado School of Mines, Civil and Environmental Engineering, 1500 Illinois St, Golden, CO 80401, USA;2. Aqua-Aerobic Systems Inc., 6306 North Alpine Road, Rockford, IL 61111, USA;1. Istanbul Technical University, Civil Engineering Faculty, Environmental Engineering Department, Maslak, 34469 Istanbul, Turkey;2. Delft University of Technology, Faculty of Civil Engineering and Geosciences, Department of Watermanagement, Sanitary Engineering Section, Stevinweg 1, 2628 CN Delft, the Netherlands;3. Veolia Water Technologies, Biothane Systems International, Tanthofdreef 21, 2600 GB Delft, the Netherlands |
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| Abstract: | The aim of this research was to upgrade the performance of a conventional septic tank (CST) for on-site treatment of sewage with negligible costs. Although CST is known as an inexpensive pre-treatment system, a complementary treatment is required to reuse its output effluent. In this work, the quality of treated wastewater reached to the standard level for irrigation by the innovational changes made in the structure of CST for converting it into an advanced septic reactor (ASR). The modification consists adding some pipe and trays without using any mechanical or electrical equipment.ASR was operated at ambient temperatures in laboratory and pilot-scale. The effects of up-flow velocities (Vup) of 0.4, 0.5, 0.7, 1 and 1.5 m/h and hydraulic retention times (HRT) of 36, 24 and 12 h on the ASR treatment performance were studied.For optimum Vup of 1 m/h and HRT of 24 h and biomass specific methanogenic activity (SMA) of 0.31 mg COD/g VSS d the maximum removal of chemical oxygen demand (COD), biochemical oxygen demand (BOD5) and total suspended solids (TSS) were 86.2%, 79.4% and 95%, respectively.The results showed that ASR is an appropriate alternative for CST for sewage on-site treatment by a low cost modification. |
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| Keywords: | Decentralized treatment Anaerobic treatment Advanced septic reactor Wastewater treatment Economy and reuse |
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