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Numerical analysis of toxic cloud generation and dispersion: A case study of the ethylene oxide spill
Institution:1. Biotechnology Research Center (BRC), Sahand University of Technology, Tabriz 51335-1996, Iran;2. Department of Chemical Engineering, Sahand University of Technology, Tabriz 51335-1996, Iran;3. Environmental Engineering Research Center (EERC), Sahand University of Technology, Tabriz 51335-1996, Iran;1. Interdisciplinary Research Organization, University of Miyazaki, 1-1 Gakuen Kibanadai Nishi, Miyazaki 889-2192, Japan;2. Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Miyazaki, 1-1 Gakuen Kibanadai Nishi, Miyazaki 889-2192, Japan;3. Advanced Materials & Process Engineering Lab, Department of Electrical & Computer Engineering, University of British Columbia, 2332 Main Mall, Vancouver, BC V6 T 1Z4, Canada;1. Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2457, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia;2. Central Laboratory, Research Center, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2457, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia;3. Department of Pathology, College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia;4. King Salman Bin Abdulaziz Chair for Kidney Disease, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia;5. Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2457, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia;1. State Key Laboratory of Technologies in Space Cryogenic Propellants, Beijing 100028, China;2. Beijing Institute of Aerospace Testing Technology, Beijing 100074, China;3. Beijing Engineering Research Center of Aerospace Propulsion Testing Technology and Equipment, Beijing 100074, China
Abstract:The present study examined the accidental spill of ethylene oxide, and a sensitivity analysis of the corresponding consequences was conducted using computational fluid dynamics (CFD). A validation of the gas dispersion CFD model against the experimental data sets included in the model evaluation protocol (MEP) was performed. The effect of the variability of the wind velocity on the extension of the hazardous areas and pool evaporation characteristics was evaluated. Additionally, the mitigation effects of the dike walls surrounding a spill were discussed. CFD simulation results have shown that the mitigation effect of dike walls is determined by their influence on both gas dispersion and pool evaporation and depends strongly on wind velocity in terms of toxic impact distances.
Keywords:Consequence analysis  Evaporation modelling  Dispersion modelling  Dike walls  Mitigation effect  CFD
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