复合式灭火装置在浮顶储罐密封圈的应用研究

结合浮顶储罐密封圈的结构特点,分析了浮盘密封圈火灾的主要特征与扑救难点,总结了当前处置浮顶储罐密封圈火灾的固定式消防系统、移动式消防炮及独立灭火单元的缺点,主要包括灭火速度慢、上罐灭火风险高、灭火剂损失量大、复燃等。针对密封圈火灾快速扑救的目标,提出了适用于浮盘密封圈的复合式灭火系统,利用超细干粉的快速淹没性能、正压高能泡沫的高动能以及抗复燃性,实现密封圈初期火灾的快速扑救。在全尺度浮盘密封圈模拟装置上开展了多次实体火灭火实验,实验结果表明:该灭火装置的灭火时间在30s以内,具有灭火快、抗复燃的功能。这种独立的复合式灭火装置与储罐现有的火灾报警系统联用,在大型原油罐区可实现密封圈初期火灾的快速扑救,具有良好的工程应用前景。

Research on the Application of Compound Fire Extinguishing Device to Rim Seal of Floating Roof Tank

The main characteristics of thefire of the floating roof rim seal and the difficulties in fighting the fire are analyzed combined with the structural characteristics of floating roof tank seal ring fire. The disadvantage of fixed foam system, mobile fire equipment and isolated fire fighting equipments have been concluded, mainly including long fire fighting duration, high risk for fire fighters on top of tanks, heave loss of fire fighting agent, frequent fire reignition. As for the quick extinguishment of rim seal fire, the compound fire fighting equipment has been designed and made for rim seal. The rapid spreading performance of ultra-fine dry powder, the high kinetic energy of the positive pressure high-energy foam and the resistance to fire-reignition can be used to realize the quick extinguishment of the early stage fire of rim seal. Many fire tests have been conducted on full scale rim seal and the results show that, when the fire extinguishment time is within 30 seconds, it has the function of fast extinguishing and anti-reignition. This kind of independent compound fire extinguishing device is combined with the existing fire alarm system of the storage tank, which can quickly extinguish the initial fire of rim seal in the large crude oil tank area and it has a good prospect of engineering application.