漫湾库区生产恢复障碍及其原因

在对漫湾库区调查的基础上，总结了库区生产恢复现状，认为农业生产相应条件恢复不到位，影响土地的持续利用：土地生产力降低，单一的种植业结构和产业结构，经济林与畜牧养殖业因土地被淹没带来萎缩，渔业、旅游业等缺乏规划和移民的参与，表现出库区移民生活水平相对于远迁移民、全县(省)平均下降了。分析了漫湾库区生产恢复的障碍及其原因，并就生产恢复提出一些建议：(1)提升澜沧江梯级开发水电工程中对移民问题的重视，将漫湾电站纳人中央直属电站范畴，统筹安排移民遗留问题，给予资金支持；(2)重新整体规划漫湾库区的移民安置，控制库区土地人口压力；(3)调整产业结构，促成传统种植业人口向林、牧业，向第二、三产业转移；(4)理顺和明确移民方面的责、权、利关系，将生产恢复问题与安置区地方经济发展问题结合起来考虑；(5)建立公众积极参与的决策体制与决策执行机制。

OBSTACLES IN PRODUCTION RESTORATION AND THE RELATED REASONS IN THE AREA AROUND THE MANWAN DAM

This paper analyses the circumstances in the production restoration in the area of the Manwan Dam. The current condition of agricultural land is not suitable for the sustainable development,with the consequences of low production. In addition,the non-reasonable industry structure also causes the decline in the income of farmers living around the dam. The shrink of forestry economy and pasture use has further influenced the farmers' income. The obstacles and the related reasons for the production restoration in the Manwan Dam area are then analyzed in the paper. The following suggestions are proposed:(1)Much more attention should be paid to the resettled people for the cascade exploitiation of Lancang River, and they should be considered as the same as other resettled people. The exploitation project should be under-control of central government. (2)The planning and displacement of emigrants should be reconsidered in order to release the population pressure in the dam area. (3)The industry structure should be adjusted,and forestry development and stock breeding,together with second and third industries should be encouraged. (4)The responsibility on the emigrants should be verified,and the benefits of emigrants should be ensured,and (5)Decision making process has to be modified to consider the importance of public awareness.