城市化与生态环境响应研究综述

城市化是学者们一直比较关注的重点问题,他们从不同视角对城市化及其过程进行了大量而富有创新的研究,并取得了丰硕的成果。伴随着城市化进程的加快,人们对生态环境问题的关注,城市化与生态环境的响应关系是城市地理新的关注点。文章分别就国内外学者对城市化、城市生态环境、城市化与生态环境响应的研究进行了综述,认为国内外学者对城市化、城市生态环境的研究起步早,成果多,近年来研究范围日益拓展,研究程度日益加深,并加强了新技术新方法的应用。国内学者对城市化的研究集中于城市化道路选择问题的探讨、城市化水平测度以及城市化的动力机制三个方面。对城市生态环境的研究多集中于社会—经济—自然复合生态系统及生态城市的研究。对于城市化与生态环境响应关系的研究则多见于生态学家、经济学家及地理学家的成果中,主要集中在单方面的城市化对生态环境的影响研究,而对于生态环境是怎样反过来影响城市化进程的研究则比较少见。另外,学者们的研究以微观单个影响因子的研究居多,从宏观综合角度出发进行的研究较少。这将是今后研究的一个重点问题。

Advance in study on urbanization and urban eco-environment

Researchers have been conducted numbers of study on Urbanization and its process from different perspectives and achieved rich results. During the rapid urbanization, the correlation of urbanization and eco-environment is paid attention from urban geography. This article summarized the study on urbanization, urban eco-environment and their correlation conducted by foreign researchers and concluded that the research on urbanization and urban eco-environment has gained numerous results and has con-tained the application of new technology and method. Domestic researchers focused on the discussion on the urbanization direction, the evaluation of urbanization level and the dynamic mechanism of urbanization. For urban eco-environment, the research concen-trated on the social, economic and natural eeo-system. For the correlation of urbanization and eeo-environment, ecologists, econo-mists and geographers are more likely to focus on the impact of urbanization on coo-environment. Moreover, researchers more focus on the study of individual factors, not the comprehensive perspective which will be the key issue in the future study.