| 涪江流域农业非点源污染空间分布及污染源识别 |
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| 引用本文： | 丁晓雯,沈珍瑶.涪江流域农业非点源污染空间分布及污染源识别[J].环境科学,2012,33(11):4025-4032. |
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| 作者姓名： | 丁晓雯 沈珍瑶 |
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| 作者单位： | 1. 华北电力大学资源与环境研究院,区域能源环境系统优化教育部重点实验室,北京102206 北京师范大学环境学院,环境模拟与污染控制国家重点实验室,北京100875
2. 北京师范大学环境学院,环境模拟与污染控制国家重点实验室,北京100875 |
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| 基金项目： | 环境模拟与污染控制国家重点联合实验室开放基金项目;长江学者和创新团队发展计划项目(IRT1127) |
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| 摘 要： | 采用输出系数模型,借助地理信息系统技术,对涪江流域的农业非点源污染进行了模拟,分析了流域非点源污染的空间分布特征,并对主要污染源进行了辨识,以期为流域非点源污染控制与管理提供决策支持.研究表明,2010年研究区农业非点源总氮污染负荷为9.11×104t,全区平均负荷强度为3.10 t.km-2;农业非点源总氮负荷总量最主要分布在旱地、绵阳市和缓坡区,农业非点源总氮负荷强度的高负荷区为旱地、德阳市和缓坡区;农业用地的化肥流失是污染的首要污染源,贡献率为62.12%,其中旱地的化肥流失是最主要来源,贡献率为50.49%.可见,改进粗放的农业耕作方式、积极推进"退耕还林"、合理处理养殖废水、集中收集农村生活污水等是研究区非点源污染有效的控制措施.
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| 关 键 词： | 涪江流域 农业非点源 总氮 输出系数模型 空间分布 污染源识别 |
| 收稿时间： | 2012/2/16 0:00:00 |
| 修稿时间： | 2012/3/26 0:00:00 |
Spatial Distribution and Pollution Source Identification of Agricultural Non-Point Source Pollution in Fujiang Watershed |
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| DING Xiao-wen and SHEN Zhen-yao.Spatial Distribution and Pollution Source Identification of Agricultural Non-Point Source Pollution in Fujiang Watershed[J].Chinese Journal of Environmental Science,2012,33(11):4025-4032. |
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| Authors: | DING Xiao-wen and SHEN Zhen-yao |
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| Institution: | Key Laboratory of Regional Energy and Environmental Systems Optimization, Ministry of Education, Resources and Environmental Research Academy, North China Electric Power University, Beijing 102206, China;State Key Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control, School of Environment, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China;State Key Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control, School of Environment, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China |
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| Abstract: | In order to provide regulatory support for management and control of non-point source (NPS) pollution in Fujiang watershed, agricultural NPS pollution is simulated, spatial distribution characteristics of NPS pollution are analyzed, and the primary pollution sources are also identified,by export coefficient model (ECM) and geographic information system(GIS). Agricultural NPS total nitrogen (TN) loading was of research area was 9.11×104 t in 2010, and the average loading was intensity was 3.10 t·km-2. Agricultural NPS TN loading mainly distributed over dry lands, Mianyang city and gentle slope areas; high loading intensity areas were dry lands, Deyang city and gentle slope areas. Agricultural land use, of which contribution rate was 62.12%, was the most important pollution source; fertilizer loss in dry lands, of which contribution rate was 50.49%, was the prominent. Improving methods of agricultural cultivation, implementing "farm land returning to woodland" policy, and enhancing treatment efficiency of domestic sewage and livestock waster wate are effective measures. |
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| Keywords: | Fujiang watershed agricultural non-point source total nitrogen(TN) export coefficient model(ECM) spatial distribution pollution source identification |
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