公路环境影响评价中运营期噪声源强的确定性研究

随着经济建设的不断发展和道路基础设施的改善，城市中各类机动车辆数量急剧上升，公路交通量大大提高，道路交通污染情况也越来越严重。噪声对人体健康产生严重的伤害，使人感到焦躁不安、无法睡眠。因此，对公路运营期可能产生的噪声进行预测并提出减少影响的措施，是公路环境影响评价的重要内容之一。车辆噪声源强是公路运营期声环境影响评价噪声预测中的一个重要参数，对其进行准确预测是确定敏感点噪声声级的基础。公路运营期噪声源主要是各种车辆在行驶过程中产生的交通噪声（包括机动车发动机噪声、排气噪声、车体振动噪声、传动和制动噪声等），其中的主要污染源是发动机噪声。本论文通过介绍中国交通部发布的《公路建设项目环境影响评价规范》（包括96年和06年规范）及环保部发布的《环境影响评价导则一声环境》中噪声源强的计算方法，对双城市堡旭大道公路的噪声源强进行预测分析，认为2006年《公路建设项目环境影响评价规范》的噪声源强计算比较合理、科学。根据该公式计算得到的各型车车速及车辆源强符合实际情况，且适用范围较广，因此建议在公路运营期声环境影响评价中运用06年规范中的车辆源强公式。

Determination of Sound Source Intensity in Highway Environmental Impact Assessment

With the development of city and gradual improvement of road infrastructure, the number of various types of vehi- cles has a sharp rise, and thus the pollution is more serious. Noise is harmful to human health, people often feel restless, unable to sleep, in severe cases, noise can cause irreparable damage to the human body. Therefore, to assess the impact of the noise that maybe arise during the operation period of highway when construct the highway, is an important part in the road construction pro- ject of environmental impact assessment. Vehicle noise source intensity is an important parameter in the noise prediction of the op- eration period of highway acoustic environment impact assessment and its accurate is the basis to determine the noise level of sensi- tive point. The noise source of the operation is traffic noise generated by vehicles during the driving process（ including noise of the motor vehicle engine, exhaust noise, the noise of body vibration, transmission and brake noise） , the engine noise is a major source of pollution. This paper introduced the calculating method of noise source intensity in Specifications for Environmental Im- pact Assessment of Highways which is released by Ministry of Transportation of China and Technical Guidelines for Noise Impact Assessment that is released by Ministry of Environmental Protection of China. By predicting the noise source intensity of the high- way of Shuangcheng City concluded that the formula in Specifications for Environmental Impact Assessment of Highways which is released in 2006 is rational and scientific. The parameters such as vehicle speed, road conditions and traffic flow accorded with China＇s actual situation.