苏北盐城海岸带陆源氮磷污染负荷估算初探

海岸带陆源氮磷污染输入是导致近海赤潮的主要原因,但目前尚缺乏系统的调查研究。文章采用野外实地调查和文献调研相结合的方法,从农田径流、养殖废水排放、居民生活污水和工业废水排放等几个方面,初步估算了盐城海岸带陆源氮磷污染负荷的分配情况。结果表明,盐城海岸带主要陆源污染源中,养殖水域氮磷排放总量为7641t和480t,分别占排放总量的75.1%、63.5%;其次为居民工矿的生活生产污水,其氮磷排放量为2083t和232t,占总排放量的20.5%、30.7%;农田目前看来不是盐城海岸带主要的陆源污染源,排放量仅占4.4%和5.8%。在当前海岸带陆源污染源治理中,除采取有力措施控制养殖水域养分流失外,农村和乡镇生活生产污水的排放也应引起重视。

Estimation of nitrogen and phosphorus pollution loads from inland in the coastal zone of Yancheng, Jiangsu

Although the terrestrial input of nitrogen and phosphorus are main factors that cause the red tide in the near shore,little systematic research and investigation has been undertaken.In the coastal zone of Yangcheng,terrestrial pollutions include the farm-land run off,aquicultural waste water discharge,domestic sewage and industrial sewage drainage.The contribution of terrestrial nitrogen and phosphorus discharged into near shore was evaluated through literature survey and field investigation in the coastal zone of Yancheng.The result shows that:aquicultural waste water discharge respectively account for 75.1% of total nitrogen and 63.5% of total phosphorus;subsequently,the second main source of nitrogen and phosphorus is Domestic Sewage and Industrial Sewage drainage,which respectively equals to 20.5% and 30.7% of total nitrogen and phosphorus;in addition,farmland is not the main source,and only contributes to 4.4% of total nitrogen and 5.8% of total phosphorus.Therefore,in order to lessen the terrestrial pollu-tion input,not only nutrient resources from aquiculture in the coastal zone of Yancheng should be controlled,but also the sanitary sewage from countryside and town should be pay more attention.