苯酚及其衍生物对氨氮生物硝化的抑制研究

利用富集培养的硝化污泥研究了苯酚及其衍生物2,4-二氯苯酚、对氨基酚、邻甲基酚和对硝基酚对氨氮生物硝化过程的抑制特性。结果表明，上述5种酚类化合物对硝化细菌的抑制类型均为非竞争性抑制，抑制常数K_I和EC₅₀值相等，分别为2.61、1.92、8.50、1.18和6.65 mg/L。上述5种酚类化合物对硝化细菌的抑制程度由大到小的顺序为：邻甲基酚>2,4-二氯苯酚>苯酚>对硝基酚>对氨基酚。酚类化合物对硝化细菌的抑制是可逆的，通过简单的抑制剂稀释或洗涤可以使硝化细菌恢复活性。在保证出水水质的前提下，抑制剂存在时硝化工艺的泥龄被迫延长，且抑制程度越大，泥龄延长的程度越大。当系统受到有毒物质冲击时，和调控泥龄相比，调节工艺的进水流量或改变容积负荷是缓冲冲击的更简捷、快速和有效的途径。

Analysis of causes of energy conservation and high efficiency of pulse-electrolysis in wastewater treatment

AbstractInhibition characteristic on nitrification by phenol and its derivatives 2,4-dichlorophenol, amino phenol, o-methyl phenol and p-nitrophenol with enriched nitrifying sludge were studied. The results showed that the inhibition of the above five phenolic compounds on nitrification were all non-competitive, and inhibition constants K_I was equal to EC₅₀. The K_I values were 2.61 mg / L , 1.92 mg / L, 8.50 mg / L,1.18 mg/L and 6.65 mg/L respectively. The order of inhibition of the above five phenolic compounds was o-methyl phenol> 2,4-dichlorophenol>phenol>p-nitrophenol>p-amino-phenol. The inhibition of phenolic compounds on nitrifying bacteria was reversible, and the activity of nitrifying bacteria was restored by inhibitors dilution or wash. The sludge retention time was forced to extend to meet the effluent discharge standard at the presence of inhibitor, and the higher the inhibition rate, the longer the SRT. Compared with controlling SRT, influent flow or volume load changes was the effective approach to buffer the shock caused by toxic substances.