Quantifying the Effects of Conservation Practices on Soil,Water, and Nutrients in the Loess Mesa Ravine Region of the Loess Plateau,China |
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Authors: | Email author" target="_blank">Xiang-Zhou?XuEmail author Mei-Juan?Li Bin?Liu Shang-Fu?Kuang Shi-Guo?Xu |
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Institution: | (1) School of Hydraulic Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, 116024, China;(2) Heilongjiang Provincial Hydraulic Research Institute, Harbin, 150080, China;(3) Xifeng Administering and Monitoring Bureau for Soil and Water Conservation, The Yellow River Conservancy Commission, Qingyang, 745000, China;(4) China Institute of Water Resources and Hydropower Research, Beijing, 100044, China |
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Abstract: | A large number of soil and water conservation programs have been implemented on the Loess Plateau of China since the 1950s.
To comprehensively assess the merits and demerits of the conservation practices is of great importance in further supervising
the conservation strategy for the Loess Plateau. This study calculates the impact factors of conservation practices on soil,
water, and nutrients during the period 1954–2004 in the Nanxiaohegou Catchment, a representative catchment in the Loess Mesa
Ravine Region of the Loess Plateau, China. Brief conclusions could be drawn as follows: (1) Soil erosion and nutrient loss
had been greatly mitigated through various conservation practices. About half of the total transported water and 94.8 % of
the total transported soil and nutrients, had been locally retained in the selected catchment. The soil retained from small
watersheds do not only form large-scale fertile farmland but also safeguard the Yellow River against overflow. (2) Check dam
was the most appropriate conservation practice on the Loess Plateau. In the selected catchment, more than 90 % of the retained
soil and water were accomplished by the dam farmland, although the dam farmland occupied only 2.3 % of the total area of all
conservation measures. Retention abilities of the characteristic conservation practices were in the following order: dam farmland > terrace
farmland > forest land and grassland. (3) The conservation practices were more powerful in retaining sediment than in reducing
runoff from the Loess Plateau, and the negative effects of the conservation practices on reducing water to the Yellow River
were relatively slight. |
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