Inter-genotype aggression in the solitary sea anemone Actinia tenebrosa |
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Authors: | D J Ayre |
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Institution: | (1) Department of Biology, Toyama University, 930 Toyama, Japan |
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Abstract: | The entire process of development from eggs to juveniles was observed in the sea-star Ctenopleura fisheri Hayashi. The breeding season of this sea-star in Toyama Bay, the Sea of Japan, occurs in the winter. The eggs are 465 in diameter, semitranslucent and pale brown in color. They develop into a barrel-shaped larva, neither bipinnaria nor brachiolaria, through a wrinkled blastula stage by holoblastic, radial cleavage. Larvae are free-swimming and do not feed during the larval stage. At metamorphosis the stalk, a larval organ, disappears by one of either 2 different processes; absorption into future body of the juveniles, or rupture and collapse. Fifteen days after insemination, metamorphosis is completed and the resulting juveniles, about 1 000 m in diameter, bear 2 pairs of tube-feet and a terminal tentacle in each arm. |
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