Alkanes and hopanes for pollution source apportionment in coking plant soils |
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Authors: | Pierre Faure Laurence Mansuy-Huault Xiaodan Su |
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Institution: | 1. UMR CNRS G2R 7566, CREGU, Université Henri Poincaré, Nancy I, BP 239, 54506, Vand?uvre-lès-Nancy Cedex, France
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Abstract: | Polluted soils of former coking plants are characterized by multiple organic contributions, e.g. coal tar, coal, coke, soot,
and natural organic matter, that can either be sources of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) or act as sorption surfaces
for pollutants. The contamination level is usually based on the quantification of 16 PAHs but it does not provide any information
on PAH sources. We studied the aliphatic fractions of 25 soil samples from a former coking plant site by microscopy and gas
chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). The microscopic investigation allowed to identify four main organic contributions:
coal tar, coal, coke, and natural organic matter. These isolated sources were analyzed and considered as reference materials.
Although the PAH distributions were very similar in the 25 contaminated soils, alkanes and hopanes distributions were representative
from various contributions characterizing the relative enrichment in coal, coal tars, or natural organic matter. Two principal
component analyses based on n-alkanes and hopanes showed that three molecular indices, the carbon preference index, the low molecular weight/high molecular
weight n-alkanes ratio, and the 18α(H)-22,29,30-trisnorhopane/(18α(H)-22,29,30-trisnorhopane+17α(H)-22,29,30-trisnorhopane) ratio
allow to classify polluted soils according to various organic contributions. |
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