应用超敏感酵母HUG1-yEGFP生物传感器筛选基因毒性化合物

为了扩展本实验室构建的响应于DNA损伤信号的超敏感酵母HUG1-yEGFP生物传感器的检测范围并积累参考数据,为实际应用打下实验基础,本研究对26种与环境及人类生活息息相关的化合物的基因毒性进行了检测,筛选出8种具有基因毒性的化合物,并将其结果与现有微生物检测系统的检测结果进行了对比。结果显示,超敏感酵母HUG1-yEGFP生物传感器的检测结果与以细菌为宿主细胞的Ames试验或SOS显色法的检测结果的吻合度高于50%,与以酵母为宿主细胞的GSA检测系统的检测结果的吻合度高于85%。以真核生物酵母为宿主的检测系统与以原核生物细胞为宿主的检测系统的结果的差异反映了它们抗胁迫机制的不同。本研究应用超敏感酵母HUG1-yEGFP生物传感器特异性检测出3种化合物为基因毒性阳性,这3种化合物是代森锰锌、孔雀石绿及丙烯酰胺,均被报道具有潜在致癌性。本研究结果表明,超敏感酵母HUG1-yEGFP生物传感器可以有效地对环境污染有关的基因毒性化合物进行检测,可以作为其他现有检测系统的补充,应用于环境化学污染的健康风险评价。

Utilization of Super-sensitive Yeast HUG1-yEGFP Biosensor to Screen Genotoxic Compounds

In order to extend the detection range of super-sensitive DNA damage responded yeast HUG1-yEGFP biosensor which was constructed by our laboratory, and to accumulate more relevant data for practical application, 26 kinds of chemicals which were widely distributed in the environment and human lives were detected and 8 kinds of genotoxic compounds were screened out. Compared with three existed microbiological whole-cell sensing systems, the detection results in this study matched over 50% of the data from Ames test and SOS colorimetric test based on bacterial cell, and over 85% of the data from the GSA test based on yeast cell. The differences of the results between the test systems based on eukaryotic yeast cell and prokaryotic bacteria cells reflected the different mechanisms of stress resistance. In this study, three kinds of genotoxicity-positive compounds, mancozeb, malachite green and acrylamide which were reported as potential carcinogens, were specifically detected by super-sensitive yeast HUG1-yEGFP biosensor. The results of the study indicated that super-sensitive yeast HUG1-yEGFP biosensor can be used to effectively detect genotoxic compounds which were related to environmental pollution. Therefore, they are valuable in environmental health risk assessment for chemical pollutant as a complementary method for other existed detection systems.