农村生活垃圾产生特征及分类收集模式

以南京市高淳县的一个村为研究对象，依托新建的农村生活垃圾分类收集系统，对该区域生活垃圾的产生量、组成成分及其动态变化进行了调查研究，从垃圾分类收集模式的运行效果和经济可行性对其进行了分析。结果表明，该地区农村人均垃圾产生量为0.4 kg/d ，但随季节有一定的波动，这主要是由食品类消费的季节性变动而引起。垃圾组成以有机垃圾为主，约占55%，可回收垃圾、其他垃圾和有害垃圾所占比例分别为30.5%、14.2%和0.34%。通过认真的宣传和指导，村民在较短的时间内基本都可以做到正确分类；垃圾分类收集系统的户均建设成本为21元，运行费用比分类收集前每户每月增加3.2元 。

Production and Classified Collection Pattern of Rural Solid Waste

Based on the new classified collection system of rural solid waste (RSW) in the village that located in Nanjing GaoChun county,the features of RSW generation and dynamics were investigated,and the classified collection pattern was analyzed from the aspects of operating effect and economic feasibility.The results indicated that the region produces 0.40 kg of RSW per capita per day and had certain fluctuation because of the changes of food consumption.About 55% of the RSW was to be composted,30.5% was recyclable inorganic matter,14.2% was non recyclable inorganic matter,and 0.34% was poisonous and harmful matter.The villagers were willing to classify correctly in a short time through the propaganda and guidance.The average cost of construction for classified collection was 21 RMB per family and the running cost would increase 3.2 RMB per family monthly.Composting the organic waste can effectively reduce the waste management and disposal costs.