丹江口库区及其上游流域水质污染特征及评价

根据丹江口库区及其上游河流5个区域42个断面2012-2013年的水质监测数据，采用主成分分析法确定主要污染因子及权重，对不同流域的水质进行综合评价。第一主成分包括总氮、溶解氧、五日生化需氧量、总磷、氨氮、高锰酸盐指数，第二主成分为氟化物、粪大肠菌群，第三主成分为化学需氧量；其权重分别为5．022，2．256，1．508。评价结果表明，湖北十堰市和丹江口市流域水环境污染相对较重，其次为河南南阳市、陕西商洛市、陕西安康市以及陕西汉中市流域。

The Water Pollution Characteristics and Evaluation of Danjiangkou Reservoir Area and It＇s Upstream River Basin

According to the data from 2012 to 2013, with 42 monitoring section at five regions around Danjiangkou reservoir area, principal component analysis method was applied to identify the main pollution factor which influenced surface water quality and calculate the weight so as to make a comprehensive evaluation of water quality in different river basin. The first principal components are total nitrogen, dissolved oxygen, biochemical oxygen demand, total phosphorus, ammonia nitrogen,and potassium permanganate index; the second principal componentsare fluoride, fecal coliform; the third principal component is chemical oxygen demand (COD). The weight coefficient of the water index was 5.022, 2.256, 1.508. Comprehensive evaluation results showed that, the city of Shiyan and Danjiangkou in Hubei were polluted relatively seriously, followed by the city of Nanyang in Henan province, Shangluo city in Shanxi province, Ankang city and Hanzhong city in Shanxi province.