典型因素对含锌废盐酸制备磷酸锌的影响机制研究

以含锌废盐酸为原料制备磷酸锌［Zn3(PO4)2］，探讨含锌废盐酸中Zn、Fe、Cr、Ni等重金属质量分数、TOC质量浓度、磷酸体积分数和反应时间等典型因素对Zn3(PO4)2纯度及化学组成结构的影响，并用XRD及SEM表征Zn3(PO4)2的物相结构。结果表明，含锌废盐酸可制备纯度较高、结构较为稳定的Zn3(PO4)2产品，制备过程中废盐酸中的Fe对Zn3(PO4)2产出纯度的影响较大；Zn3(PO4)2的产出纯度随TOC质量浓度的升高而下降；当磷酸体积分数低于85%时，对Zn3(PO4)2产出纯度总体呈正相关趋势，而高于85%后，产出纯度则有所降低；反应时间为5 h时制备Zn3(PO4)2的效率最高。

Study on Influence Mechanism of Typical Factors on Preparation of Zinc Phosphate from Zinc containing Waste Hydrochloric Acid

Zinc phosphate was prepared from zinc containing waste hydrochloric acid. The effects of typical factors such as the mass fraction of heavy metal Zn, Fe, Cr, and Ni in zinc containing waste hydrochloric acid, TOC mass concentration, phosphoric acid volume fraction and reaction time on the purity and chemical composition of zinc phosphate were discussed, and the phase structure of zinc phosphate was characterized by XRD and SEM. The results showed that zinc containing waste hydrochloric acid could produce zinc phosphate with high purity and stable structure. In the preparation process, Fe in waste hydrochloric acid had a great influence on the purity of zinc phosphate. The purity of zinc phosphate decreased with the increase of TOC mass concentration. When phosphoric acid volume fraction was lower than 85%, it was positively correlated with the purity of zinc phosphate, and when it was higher than 85%, the purity of zinc phosphate decreased. The preparation efficiency of zinc phosphate was the highest when the reaction time was 5 h.