美国环境监测一百年历史回顾及其借鉴

环境监测是从上世纪末由英美等发达国家首先开展的，至今有一百多年历史。美国科学技术高度发达，其环境监测水平也领先于其他国家。因此从某种意义上说，美国环境监测一百年的历程、作法和经验，在全世界范围内都具有一定的代表性。它基本上可反映出发达国家环境监测走过的普遍道路，并一定程度上也预示其他国家环境监测的发展方向。尤其是它的一些科学思路，成功的做法，先进技术（采样、前处理及分析测定技术），高水平的标准方法

The Review of USA Environmental Monitoringin One Century and It . s Referenceto Us

Environmental Monitoring in USA has been conducted for over a hundred years.USA is a top developed country,as known to all,it is also in the leading position in the field of environmental monitoring worldwide. This paper reviews one hundred year history of enevironmental monitoring in USA and points out its charateristics and four developing periods.With focusing on the current status quo and recent major advances,the paper demonstrates the brief survey,the concise evolution,the major advances and the trends in aspects of st andard analytical methodology, modern analysis technique,QA/QC program and project,basic train of thought and related laws of environmental monitoring in the time period sequence. The development history of environmental monitoring in USA reflects the common path and the basic law and the future trends in the area of enviromental monitoring for other countries to some extent. They have significant impacted on the process of environmental monitoring in other countries. All of these and provide reference to us.