长江江苏段抗生素的空间分布特征及典型污染来源分析

利用超高效液相色谱-三重四极杆质谱法，于2021年4月对江苏省长江干流12个监控断面、入江支流116个监控断面表层水中7大类42种抗生素的分布特征和浓度水平进行研究，并开展典型污染来源分析。结果表明，平水期长江干流42种抗生素总质量浓度范围为47.3～92.8 ng/L，处于较低水平；各入江支流抗生素总质量浓度范围为16.2～3 052 ng/L，干支流水体中检出品种以磺胺类、氯霉素类、林可酰胺类及大环内酯类为主；通过差异性比较发现，C市存在磺胺类抗生素污染的典型区域；典型污染溯源分析结果表明，工业废水可能是该地区环境水体中抗生素污染的来源之一。长江江苏段及地表水中各类抗生素普遍检出，虽然抗生素总量水平不高，但由制药废水、畜禽养殖、污水处理厂等污染源引入而引起的长期积累仍是隐患。研究结果为江苏省长江流域水环境抗生素污染控制和管理提供基础数据。

Spatial Distribution Characteristics and Typical Pollution Source of Antibiotics in Jiangsu Section of the Yangtze River

Using ultra high performance liquid chromatography tandem quadrupole mass spectrometry, the distribution characteristics and concentration levels of 42 antibiotics in 7 categories in surface water of 12 sections in the mainstream and 116 sections in tributaries of the Yangtze River in Jiangsu Province were studied in April 2021, and the typical pollution source was explored and analyzed. During the normal water period, the total concentration of 42 antibiotics in the main stream of the Yangtze River ranged from 47.3 ng/L to 92.8 ng/L, which were at a low level, and in tributaries were 16.2 ng/L~3052 ng/L. Sulfonamides, Chloramphenicols, Linkolamides and Macrolides were the main species detected in the water bodies of the trunk and tributaries. Through the difference comparison, it was found that there was a typical area polluted by sulfa antibiotics in city C. Source tracking analysis on typical pollution showed that the industrial sewage was one of the possible sources of antibiotic pollution in this area. All kinds of antibiotics were commonly detected in the Yangtze River of Jiangsu. Although the total level of antibiotics was not high, the long term accumulation caused by the introduction of pharmaceutical wastewater, livestock and poultry breeding, sewage treatment plants is still a hidden danger. The results provided basic data for the control and management of antibiotic pollution in the Yangtze River Basin in Jiangsu Province.