2015—2018年海州湾及邻近海域浮游植物群落结构特征

根据2015—2018年春、夏季海州湾及邻近海域8个航次的调查资料,对该海域浮游植物种类组成、优势种、丰度及多样性进行了调查,应用相关性分析和典范对应分析(CCA)研究了环境因子对海州湾浮游植物群落结构的影响,共发现浮游植物96种,其中硅藻80种。中肋骨条藻(Skeletonema costatum)在各航次均是第一优势种。调查海域浮游植物丰度为4.20×103~7952.00×103个/L,平均值为504.54×103个/L。平均Shannon-Wiener(H’)多样性指数为2.66,2018年夏季航次最低仅1.52,2015年春季航次最高为3.73。多样性基本呈春季高夏季低的趋势。Pearson相关性分析显示,水温、活性磷酸盐及化学需氧量与浮游植物群落结构关系密切。典范对应分析则表明,海州湾春季优势物种主要受水温、溶解氧和盐度的影响,而夏季则受多种因子的综合影响。近年来海州湾浮游植物多样性整体呈缓慢下降趋势可能受紫菜大规模养殖的影响。

Study on the Community Structure of Phytoplankton in Haizhou Bay and Its Adjacent Waters from 2015 to 2018

According to the survey data of 8 voyages in Haizhou Bay and its adjacent waters in spring and summer of 2015—2018,community structure of phytoplankton was studied and their relationships with environmental factors were evaluated by pearson correlation analysis and CCA.A total of 96 species of phytoplankton were found,including 80 species of diatoms.Skeletonema costatum was the first dominant species in all voyages.Cell abundance ranged from 4.20×103 cells/L to 7952.00×103 cells/L with an average of 504.54×103 cells/L.Average H’was 2.66.The lowest H’was 1.52 in the summer of 2018,and the highest H’was 3.73 in the spring of 2015.Diversity basically showed a trend of high in spring and low in summer.Pearson s correlation analysis indicated that phytoplankton abundance were positively correlated with water temperature,active phosphate and chemical oxygen demand.CCA suggested that the dominant species in Haizhou Bay were mainly affected by water temperature,dissolved oxygen and salinity in spring,while in summer they were affected by many factors.The phytoplankton diversity in Haizhou Bay has declined slowly in recent years,which may be affected by large-scale laver culture.