基于环境DNA技术的江苏省鱼类群落监测应用初探

鱼类是水生生态系统生物多样性的重要组成部分，为了解江苏省地表水监测断面鱼类群落结构特征，利用环境DNA宏条形码技术对2020年4—5月江苏省148个地表水监测断面的鱼类群落进行了调查。在环境DNA样品中共检测到鱼类可操作分类单元（OTU）418个，共注释到10目14科32属46种，其中鲤形目的鱼类有27种，序列占比达81.2%。以物种数和多样性指数分析群落多样性特征，结果表明，江苏省内三大流域中，淮河流域点位鱼类多样性相对较好，长江流域次之，太湖流域相对较低。该研究为江苏省地表水监测断面鱼类群落结构特征提供了基础资料，为环境DNA技术在环境监测中的应用推广提供参考。

Preliminary Study on Application of Environmental DNA Technology on Fish Community Monitoring in Jiangsu Province

Fish is considered to be the important component of biodiversity of aquatic ecosystems. To explore the characteristics of fish communities in Jiangsu Province, a survey of fish communities in 148 surface water environmental monitoring sections was conducted during April to May 2020 using environmental DNA metabarcoding technology. A total of 418 fish OTU were detected in the environmental DNA samples, and 46 species were annotated into 10 orders, 14 families and 32 genera, and 27 species of which are Cypriniformes, accounting for 81.2% of the sequences. The results showed that the fish diversity of the Huai River basin is relatively better, followed by the Yangtze River basin and the Taihu Lake basin. The result has provided basic information on the structural characteristics of fish communities in surface water monitoring sections in Jiangsu Province, and gave a reference to the application and promotion of environmental DNA technology in the field of environmental monitoring.